Reprogramming of cell fate: epigenetic memory and the erasure of memories past
Cell identity is a reflection of a cell type-specific gene expression profile, and consequently, cell type-specific transcription factor networks are considered to be at the heart of a given cellular phenotype. Although generally stable, cell identity can be reprogrammed in vitro by forced changes t...
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | English |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
2015
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4491992/ |
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pubmed-4491992 |
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pubmed-44919922015-11-27 Reprogramming of cell fate: epigenetic memory and the erasure of memories past Nashun, Buhe Hill, Peter WS Hajkova, Petra Reviews Cell identity is a reflection of a cell type-specific gene expression profile, and consequently, cell type-specific transcription factor networks are considered to be at the heart of a given cellular phenotype. Although generally stable, cell identity can be reprogrammed in vitro by forced changes to the transcriptional network, the most dramatic example of which was shown by the induction of pluripotency in somatic cells by the ectopic expression of defined transcription factors alone. Although changes to cell fate can be achieved in this way, the efficiency of such conversion remains very low, in large part due to specific chromatin signatures constituting an epigenetic barrier to the transcription factor-mediated reprogramming processes. Here we discuss the two-way relationship between transcription factor binding and chromatin structure during cell fate reprogramming. We additionally explore the potential roles and mechanisms by which histone variants, chromatin remodelling enzymes, and histone and DNA modifications contribute to the stability of cell identity and/or provide a permissive environment for cell fate change during cellular reprogramming. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2015-05-12 2015-03-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4491992/ /pubmed/25820261 http://dx.doi.org/10.15252/embj.201490649 Text en © 2015 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Nashun, Buhe Hill, Peter WS Hajkova, Petra |
| spellingShingle |
Nashun, Buhe Hill, Peter WS Hajkova, Petra Reprogramming of cell fate: epigenetic memory and the erasure of memories past |
| author_facet |
Nashun, Buhe Hill, Peter WS Hajkova, Petra |
| author_sort |
Nashun, Buhe |
| title |
Reprogramming of cell fate: epigenetic memory and the erasure of memories past |
| title_short |
Reprogramming of cell fate: epigenetic memory and the erasure of memories past |
| title_full |
Reprogramming of cell fate: epigenetic memory and the erasure of memories past |
| title_fullStr |
Reprogramming of cell fate: epigenetic memory and the erasure of memories past |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Reprogramming of cell fate: epigenetic memory and the erasure of memories past |
| title_sort |
reprogramming of cell fate: epigenetic memory and the erasure of memories past |
| description |
Cell identity is a reflection of a cell type-specific gene expression profile, and consequently, cell type-specific transcription factor networks are considered to be at the heart of a given cellular phenotype. Although generally stable, cell identity can be reprogrammed in vitro by forced changes to the transcriptional network, the most dramatic example of which was shown by the induction of pluripotency in somatic cells by the ectopic expression of defined transcription factors alone. Although changes to cell fate can be achieved in this way, the efficiency of such conversion remains very low, in large part due to specific chromatin signatures constituting an epigenetic barrier to the transcription factor-mediated reprogramming processes. Here we discuss the two-way relationship between transcription factor binding and chromatin structure during cell fate reprogramming. We additionally explore the potential roles and mechanisms by which histone variants, chromatin remodelling enzymes, and histone and DNA modifications contribute to the stability of cell identity and/or provide a permissive environment for cell fate change during cellular reprogramming. |
| publisher |
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4491992/ |
| _version_ |
1613244128797130752 |