Mechanism of altruism (MOA) approach to blood donor recruitment and retention: a review and future directions

Background and Objectives. Why do people donate blood? Altruism is the common answer. However, altruism is a complex construct and to answer this question requires a systematic analysis of the insights from the biology, economics and psychology of altruism. I term this the Mechanism of Altruism (MO...

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Main Author: Ferguson, Eamonn
Format: Article
Published: Wiley 2015
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Online Access:https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30701/
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author Ferguson, Eamonn
author_facet Ferguson, Eamonn
author_sort Ferguson, Eamonn
building Nottingham Research Data Repository
collection Online Access
description Background and Objectives. Why do people donate blood? Altruism is the common answer. However, altruism is a complex construct and to answer this question requires a systematic analysis of the insights from the biology, economics and psychology of altruism. I term this the Mechanism of Altruism (MOA) approach and apply it here to understanding blood donor motivation.. The answer also has enormous implications for the type of interventions we choose to adopt as a society. Methods. A review of the literature on altruism and blood donation. Results. A MOA approach so far shows that blood donors are a mixture of (1) warm-glow givers (donation is emotionally rewarding) and (2) reluctant altruists (cooperate rather than defect when free-riding is high). Donors also show ‘saintly sinning’ with the extra ‘moral currency’ form blood donation allowing them to be less generous in other contexts. The MOA suggests why financial incentives, in terms of gifts/lottery tickets, are effective and suggests a number of novel interventions for donor recruitment: ‘voluntary reciprocal altruism’ and ‘charitable incentivization’. It highlights the need for an intervention for both recipients to show their gratitude and society to celebrate blood donors and suggests a ‘Monument to Blood Donors’ will achieve this. The approach suggests a number of novel research questions into (1) donor self-selection effects, (2) conditional cooperation and (3) construct overlap with Theory of Planned Behaviour (e.g., affective attitudes and warm-glow). Conclusions. The MOA offers a powerful way to understand blood donor motivations around altruism and develop theoretically driven interventions.
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spelling nottingham-307012020-05-04T17:14:33Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30701/ Mechanism of altruism (MOA) approach to blood donor recruitment and retention: a review and future directions Ferguson, Eamonn Background and Objectives. Why do people donate blood? Altruism is the common answer. However, altruism is a complex construct and to answer this question requires a systematic analysis of the insights from the biology, economics and psychology of altruism. I term this the Mechanism of Altruism (MOA) approach and apply it here to understanding blood donor motivation.. The answer also has enormous implications for the type of interventions we choose to adopt as a society. Methods. A review of the literature on altruism and blood donation. Results. A MOA approach so far shows that blood donors are a mixture of (1) warm-glow givers (donation is emotionally rewarding) and (2) reluctant altruists (cooperate rather than defect when free-riding is high). Donors also show ‘saintly sinning’ with the extra ‘moral currency’ form blood donation allowing them to be less generous in other contexts. The MOA suggests why financial incentives, in terms of gifts/lottery tickets, are effective and suggests a number of novel interventions for donor recruitment: ‘voluntary reciprocal altruism’ and ‘charitable incentivization’. It highlights the need for an intervention for both recipients to show their gratitude and society to celebrate blood donors and suggests a ‘Monument to Blood Donors’ will achieve this. The approach suggests a number of novel research questions into (1) donor self-selection effects, (2) conditional cooperation and (3) construct overlap with Theory of Planned Behaviour (e.g., affective attitudes and warm-glow). Conclusions. The MOA offers a powerful way to understand blood donor motivations around altruism and develop theoretically driven interventions. Wiley 2015-08-27 Article PeerReviewed Ferguson, Eamonn (2015) Mechanism of altruism (MOA) approach to blood donor recruitment and retention: a review and future directions. Transfusion Medicine, 25 (4). pp. 211-226. ISSN 1365-3148 Altruism Blood donation Reluctant altruism Warm-Glow conditional cooperation http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tme.12233/abstract doi:10.1111/tme.12233 doi:10.1111/tme.12233
spellingShingle Altruism
Blood donation
Reluctant altruism
Warm-Glow conditional cooperation
Ferguson, Eamonn
Mechanism of altruism (MOA) approach to blood donor recruitment and retention: a review and future directions
title Mechanism of altruism (MOA) approach to blood donor recruitment and retention: a review and future directions
title_full Mechanism of altruism (MOA) approach to blood donor recruitment and retention: a review and future directions
title_fullStr Mechanism of altruism (MOA) approach to blood donor recruitment and retention: a review and future directions
title_full_unstemmed Mechanism of altruism (MOA) approach to blood donor recruitment and retention: a review and future directions
title_short Mechanism of altruism (MOA) approach to blood donor recruitment and retention: a review and future directions
title_sort mechanism of altruism (moa) approach to blood donor recruitment and retention: a review and future directions
topic Altruism
Blood donation
Reluctant altruism
Warm-Glow conditional cooperation
url https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30701/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30701/
https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30701/