BST2/Tetherin Inhibition of Alphavirus Exit
Alphaviruses such as chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Semliki Forest virus (SFV) are small enveloped RNA viruses that bud from the plasma membrane. Tetherin/BST2 is an interferon-induced host membrane protein that inhibits the release of many enveloped viruses via direct tethering of budded particles t...
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2015
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4411694/ |
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pubmed-4411694 |
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oai_dc |
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pubmed-44116942015-05-06 BST2/Tetherin Inhibition of Alphavirus Exit Ooi, Yaw Shin Dubé, Mathieu Kielian, Margaret Article Alphaviruses such as chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Semliki Forest virus (SFV) are small enveloped RNA viruses that bud from the plasma membrane. Tetherin/BST2 is an interferon-induced host membrane protein that inhibits the release of many enveloped viruses via direct tethering of budded particles to the cell surface. Alphaviruses have highly organized structures and exclude host membrane proteins from the site of budding, suggesting that their release might be insensitive to tetherin inhibition. Here, we demonstrated that exogenously-expressed tetherin efficiently inhibited the release of SFV and CHIKV particles from host cells without affecting virus entry and infection. Alphavirus release was also inhibited by the endogenous levels of tetherin in HeLa cells. While rubella virus (RuV) and dengue virus (DENV) have structural similarities to alphaviruses, tetherin inhibited the release of RuV but not DENV. We found that two recently identified tetherin isoforms differing in length at the N-terminus exhibited distinct capabilities in restricting alphavirus release. SFV exit was efficiently inhibited by the long isoform but not the short isoform of tetherin, while both isoforms inhibited vesicular stomatitis virus exit. Thus, in spite of the organized structure of the virus particle, tetherin specifically blocks alphavirus release and shows an interesting isoform requirement. MDPI 2015-04-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4411694/ /pubmed/25912717 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v7042147 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Ooi, Yaw Shin Dubé, Mathieu Kielian, Margaret |
| spellingShingle |
Ooi, Yaw Shin Dubé, Mathieu Kielian, Margaret BST2/Tetherin Inhibition of Alphavirus Exit |
| author_facet |
Ooi, Yaw Shin Dubé, Mathieu Kielian, Margaret |
| author_sort |
Ooi, Yaw Shin |
| title |
BST2/Tetherin Inhibition of Alphavirus Exit |
| title_short |
BST2/Tetherin Inhibition of Alphavirus Exit |
| title_full |
BST2/Tetherin Inhibition of Alphavirus Exit |
| title_fullStr |
BST2/Tetherin Inhibition of Alphavirus Exit |
| title_full_unstemmed |
BST2/Tetherin Inhibition of Alphavirus Exit |
| title_sort |
bst2/tetherin inhibition of alphavirus exit |
| description |
Alphaviruses such as chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Semliki Forest virus (SFV) are small enveloped RNA viruses that bud from the plasma membrane. Tetherin/BST2 is an interferon-induced host membrane protein that inhibits the release of many enveloped viruses via direct tethering of budded particles to the cell surface. Alphaviruses have highly organized structures and exclude host membrane proteins from the site of budding, suggesting that their release might be insensitive to tetherin inhibition. Here, we demonstrated that exogenously-expressed tetherin efficiently inhibited the release of SFV and CHIKV particles from host cells without affecting virus entry and infection. Alphavirus release was also inhibited by the endogenous levels of tetherin in HeLa cells. While rubella virus (RuV) and dengue virus (DENV) have structural similarities to alphaviruses, tetherin inhibited the release of RuV but not DENV. We found that two recently identified tetherin isoforms differing in length at the N-terminus exhibited distinct capabilities in restricting alphavirus release. SFV exit was efficiently inhibited by the long isoform but not the short isoform of tetherin, while both isoforms inhibited vesicular stomatitis virus exit. Thus, in spite of the organized structure of the virus particle, tetherin specifically blocks alphavirus release and shows an interesting isoform requirement. |
| publisher |
MDPI |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4411694/ |
| _version_ |
1613216380867313664 |