Inputs and outputs of insulin receptor

Inputs and outputs of insulin receptor

The insulin receptor (IR) is an important hub in insulin signaling and its activation is tightly regulated. Upon insulin stimulation, IR is activated through autophosphorylation, and consequently phosphorylates several insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, including IRS1-6, Shc and Gab1. Certai...

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Main Authors: Du, Yipeng, Wei, Taotao
Format: Online
Language:English
Published: Higher Education Press 2014
Online Access:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3967058/
id pubmed-3967058
recordtype oai_dc
spelling pubmed-39670582014-03-27 Inputs and outputs of insulin receptor Du, Yipeng Wei, Taotao Review The insulin receptor (IR) is an important hub in insulin signaling and its activation is tightly regulated. Upon insulin stimulation, IR is activated through autophosphorylation, and consequently phosphorylates several insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, including IRS1-6, Shc and Gab1. Certain adipokines have also been found to activate IR. On the contrary, PTP, Grb and SOCS proteins, which are responsible for the negative regulation of IR, are characterized as IR inhibitors. Additionally, many other proteins have been identified as IR substrates and participate in the insulin signaling pathway. To provide a more comprehensive understanding of the signals mediated through IR, we reviewed the upstream and downstream signal molecules of IR, summarized the positive and negative modulators of IR, and discussed the IR substrates and interacting adaptor proteins. We propose that the molecular events associated with IR should be integrated to obtain a better understanding of the insulin signaling pathway and diabetes. Higher Education Press 2014-03-16 2014-03 /pmc/articles/PMC3967058/ /pubmed/24633815 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13238-014-0030-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2014 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.
repository_type Open Access Journal
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building NCBI PubMed
collection Online Access
language English
format Online
author Du, Yipeng
Wei, Taotao
spellingShingle Du, Yipeng
Wei, Taotao
Inputs and outputs of insulin receptor
author_facet Du, Yipeng
Wei, Taotao
author_sort Du, Yipeng
title Inputs and outputs of insulin receptor
title_short Inputs and outputs of insulin receptor
title_full Inputs and outputs of insulin receptor
title_fullStr Inputs and outputs of insulin receptor
title_full_unstemmed Inputs and outputs of insulin receptor
title_sort inputs and outputs of insulin receptor
description The insulin receptor (IR) is an important hub in insulin signaling and its activation is tightly regulated. Upon insulin stimulation, IR is activated through autophosphorylation, and consequently phosphorylates several insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, including IRS1-6, Shc and Gab1. Certain adipokines have also been found to activate IR. On the contrary, PTP, Grb and SOCS proteins, which are responsible for the negative regulation of IR, are characterized as IR inhibitors. Additionally, many other proteins have been identified as IR substrates and participate in the insulin signaling pathway. To provide a more comprehensive understanding of the signals mediated through IR, we reviewed the upstream and downstream signal molecules of IR, summarized the positive and negative modulators of IR, and discussed the IR substrates and interacting adaptor proteins. We propose that the molecular events associated with IR should be integrated to obtain a better understanding of the insulin signaling pathway and diabetes.
publisher Higher Education Press
publishDate 2014
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3967058/
_version_ 1612071596998000640

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