Clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in adults remains a challenging disease to treat, and novel therapies are needed. Precursor-B ALL comprises 80% of cases, and the CD19 antigen is expressed in nearly all precursor-B ALL patients. Bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies are novel bioengineered protein...

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Main Authors:	Portell, Craig A, Wenzell, Candice M, Advani, Anjali S
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Dove Medical Press 2013
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3650887/

id	pubmed-3650887
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-36508872013-05-13 Clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia Portell, Craig A Wenzell, Candice M Advani, Anjali S Review Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in adults remains a challenging disease to treat, and novel therapies are needed. Precursor-B ALL comprises 80% of cases, and the CD19 antigen is expressed in nearly all precursor-B ALL patients. Bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies are novel bioengineered proteins. The bispecific T-cell-engaging antibody blinatumomab engages polyclonal T cells to CD19-expressing B cells. By binding to both CD3 and CD19, blinatumomab physically brings these T cells in close proximity to malignant B cells and potentiates T-cell-induced cytotoxic cell kill. Blinatumomab requires continuous intravenous infusion due to its short half-life, the need for continuous exposure for the drug to exert sufficient efficacy, and lessened toxicity. A phase II trial of B-cell ALL patients with persistent or relapsed minimal residual disease demonstrated an 80% rate of complete molecular remission. Cytokine-release syndrome and central nervous system events, such as seizures and encephalopathy, are reversible toxicities. Promising results in B-cell ALL with minimal residual disease have led to further evaluation of this drug in newly diagnosed and relapsed B-cell ALL. Dove Medical Press 2013-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3650887/ /pubmed/23671399 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CPAA.S42689 Text en © 2013 Portell et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd. This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Portell, Craig A Wenzell, Candice M Advani, Anjali S
spellingShingle	Portell, Craig A Wenzell, Candice M Advani, Anjali S Clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
author_facet	Portell, Craig A Wenzell, Candice M Advani, Anjali S
author_sort	Portell, Craig A
title	Clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
title_short	Clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
title_full	Clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
title_fullStr	Clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
title_full_unstemmed	Clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
title_sort	clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of b-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
description	Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in adults remains a challenging disease to treat, and novel therapies are needed. Precursor-B ALL comprises 80% of cases, and the CD19 antigen is expressed in nearly all precursor-B ALL patients. Bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies are novel bioengineered proteins. The bispecific T-cell-engaging antibody blinatumomab engages polyclonal T cells to CD19-expressing B cells. By binding to both CD3 and CD19, blinatumomab physically brings these T cells in close proximity to malignant B cells and potentiates T-cell-induced cytotoxic cell kill. Blinatumomab requires continuous intravenous infusion due to its short half-life, the need for continuous exposure for the drug to exert sufficient efficacy, and lessened toxicity. A phase II trial of B-cell ALL patients with persistent or relapsed minimal residual disease demonstrated an 80% rate of complete molecular remission. Cytokine-release syndrome and central nervous system events, such as seizures and encephalopathy, are reversible toxicities. Promising results in B-cell ALL with minimal residual disease have led to further evaluation of this drug in newly diagnosed and relapsed B-cell ALL.
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2013
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3650887/
_version_	1611976885996093440

Clinical and pharmacologic aspects of blinatumomab in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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