Comparative Methylation of ERVWE1/Syncytin-1 and Other Human Endogenous Retrovirus LTRs in Placenta Tissues

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are globally silent in somatic cells. However, some HERVs display high transcription in physiological conditions. In particular, ERVWE1, ERVFRDE1 and ERV3, three proviruses of distinct families, are highly transcribed in placenta and produce envelope proteins as...

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Main Authors:	Gimenez, Juliette, Montgiraud, Cécile, Oriol, Guy, Pichon, Jean-Philippe, Ruel, Karine, Tsatsaris, Vassilis, Gerbaud, Pascale, Frendo, Jean-Louis, Evain-Brion, Danièle, Mallet, François
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford University Press 2009
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2725788/

id	pubmed-2725788
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-27257882009-08-18 Comparative Methylation of ERVWE1/Syncytin-1 and Other Human Endogenous Retrovirus LTRs in Placenta Tissues Gimenez, Juliette Montgiraud, Cécile Oriol, Guy Pichon, Jean-Philippe Ruel, Karine Tsatsaris, Vassilis Gerbaud, Pascale Frendo, Jean-Louis Evain-Brion, Danièle Mallet, François Full Papers Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are globally silent in somatic cells. However, some HERVs display high transcription in physiological conditions. In particular, ERVWE1, ERVFRDE1 and ERV3, three proviruses of distinct families, are highly transcribed in placenta and produce envelope proteins associated with placenta development. As silencing of repeated elements is thought to occur mainly by DNA methylation, we compared the methylation of ERVWE1 and related HERVs to appreciate whether HERV methylation relies upon the family, the integration site, the tissue, the long terminal repeat (LTR) function or the associated gene function. CpG methylation of HERV-W LTRs in placenta-associated tissues was heterogeneous but a joint epigenetic control was found for ERVWE1 5′LTR and its juxtaposed enhancer, a mammalian apparent LTR retrotransposon. Additionally, ERVWE1, ERVFRDE1 and ERV3 5′LTRs were all essentially hypomethylated in cytotrophoblasts during pregnancy, but showed distinct and stage-dependent methylation profiles. In non-cytotrophoblastic cells, they also exhibited different methylation profiles, compatible with their respective transcriptional activities. Comparative analyses of transcriptional activity and LTR methylation in cell lines further sustained a role for methylation in the control of functional LTRs. These results suggest that HERV methylation might not be family related but copy-specific, and related to the LTR function and the tissue. In particular, ERVWE1 and ERV3 could be developmentally epigenetically regulated HERVs. Oxford University Press 2009-08 2009-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC2725788/ /pubmed/19561344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/dnares/dsp011 Text en © The Author 2009. Kazusa DNA Research Institute http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/ The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and Oxford University Press are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Gimenez, Juliette Montgiraud, Cécile Oriol, Guy Pichon, Jean-Philippe Ruel, Karine Tsatsaris, Vassilis Gerbaud, Pascale Frendo, Jean-Louis Evain-Brion, Danièle Mallet, François
spellingShingle	Gimenez, Juliette Montgiraud, Cécile Oriol, Guy Pichon, Jean-Philippe Ruel, Karine Tsatsaris, Vassilis Gerbaud, Pascale Frendo, Jean-Louis Evain-Brion, Danièle Mallet, François Comparative Methylation of ERVWE1/Syncytin-1 and Other Human Endogenous Retrovirus LTRs in Placenta Tissues
author_facet	Gimenez, Juliette Montgiraud, Cécile Oriol, Guy Pichon, Jean-Philippe Ruel, Karine Tsatsaris, Vassilis Gerbaud, Pascale Frendo, Jean-Louis Evain-Brion, Danièle Mallet, François
author_sort	Gimenez, Juliette
title	Comparative Methylation of ERVWE1/Syncytin-1 and Other Human Endogenous Retrovirus LTRs in Placenta Tissues
title_short	Comparative Methylation of ERVWE1/Syncytin-1 and Other Human Endogenous Retrovirus LTRs in Placenta Tissues
title_full	Comparative Methylation of ERVWE1/Syncytin-1 and Other Human Endogenous Retrovirus LTRs in Placenta Tissues
title_fullStr	Comparative Methylation of ERVWE1/Syncytin-1 and Other Human Endogenous Retrovirus LTRs in Placenta Tissues
title_full_unstemmed	Comparative Methylation of ERVWE1/Syncytin-1 and Other Human Endogenous Retrovirus LTRs in Placenta Tissues
title_sort	comparative methylation of ervwe1/syncytin-1 and other human endogenous retrovirus ltrs in placenta tissues
description	Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are globally silent in somatic cells. However, some HERVs display high transcription in physiological conditions. In particular, ERVWE1, ERVFRDE1 and ERV3, three proviruses of distinct families, are highly transcribed in placenta and produce envelope proteins associated with placenta development. As silencing of repeated elements is thought to occur mainly by DNA methylation, we compared the methylation of ERVWE1 and related HERVs to appreciate whether HERV methylation relies upon the family, the integration site, the tissue, the long terminal repeat (LTR) function or the associated gene function. CpG methylation of HERV-W LTRs in placenta-associated tissues was heterogeneous but a joint epigenetic control was found for ERVWE1 5′LTR and its juxtaposed enhancer, a mammalian apparent LTR retrotransposon. Additionally, ERVWE1, ERVFRDE1 and ERV3 5′LTRs were all essentially hypomethylated in cytotrophoblasts during pregnancy, but showed distinct and stage-dependent methylation profiles. In non-cytotrophoblastic cells, they also exhibited different methylation profiles, compatible with their respective transcriptional activities. Comparative analyses of transcriptional activity and LTR methylation in cell lines further sustained a role for methylation in the control of functional LTRs. These results suggest that HERV methylation might not be family related but copy-specific, and related to the LTR function and the tissue. In particular, ERVWE1 and ERV3 could be developmentally epigenetically regulated HERVs.
publisher	Oxford University Press
publishDate	2009
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2725788/
_version_	1611441578875813888

Comparative Methylation of ERVWE1/Syncytin-1 and Other Human Endogenous Retrovirus LTRs in Placenta Tissues

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