Emission characteristics of bi-fuel motorcycle

Motor vehicles generate three major pollutants: Hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO). Hydrocarbon reacts with nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight to form ground-level ozone (smog). Nitrogen oxides contributes to the formation of acid rain while carbon monoxide c...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Abdul Majid, Zulkifli, Yaacob, Zulkefli, King, Martin Philip Ik Pau, Yahya, Mohd Adnan, Abd. Razak, Mohd. Masri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, UTM 2001
Subjects:
Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/5039/
http://eprints.utm.my/5039/1/ZulkifliAbdulMajid2001_EmissionCharacteristicsOfBi-FuelMotorcycle.pdf
_version_ 1848890954772119552
author Abdul Majid, Zulkifli
Yaacob, Zulkefli
King, Martin Philip Ik Pau
Yahya, Mohd Adnan
Abd. Razak, Mohd. Masri
author_facet Abdul Majid, Zulkifli
Yaacob, Zulkefli
King, Martin Philip Ik Pau
Yahya, Mohd Adnan
Abd. Razak, Mohd. Masri
author_sort Abdul Majid, Zulkifli
building UTeM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Motor vehicles generate three major pollutants: Hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO). Hydrocarbon reacts with nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight to form ground-level ozone (smog). Nitrogen oxides contributes to the formation of acid rain while carbon monoxide can impair mental functions and is deadly in high concentrations. Statistics in Malaysia show that from 8.9 million motor vehicles registered in 1998, approximately 2 millions tones of carbon monoxide, 237 000 tonnes of oxides of nitrogen, 111 000 tonnes of hydrocarbons, 38 000 tonnes sulphur dioxide and 17 000 tonnes particulate matters were emitted into the atmosphere. Concurrent with the increasing awareness of the impact of vehicular emissions on the global environmental quality, the industry concerned has invented many new technologies on reducing the emission level. These include catalytic converters, reformulated fuels and natural gas vehicle. Malaysia is promoting the use of cleaner fuel (natural gas) in power vehicle. Combustion from natural gas produces cleaner emissions, and thus providing the inhabitants of city centers a cleaner environment. The first project in Malaysia that utilized natural gas for motorcycle was carried out by the Gas Technology Center (GASTEG) NGV Research Group from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. This project is directed towards the study on the performance and exhaust emission of motorcycles using natural gas and gasoline. In this paper the emission characteristics of exhaust gases from the combustion of both natural gas and gasoline will be discussed. The major difference between the two fuels is that the exhaust emission from natural gas give a complete combustion, which decrease 99.6% of carbon monoxide, 72.5% of unburned hydrocarbon and eliminate nitrogen oxide emission at a speed of 70 km/hr.
first_indexed 2025-11-15T20:50:17Z
format Article
id utm-5039
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
institution_category Local University
language English
last_indexed 2025-11-15T20:50:17Z
publishDate 2001
publisher Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, UTM
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling utm-50392010-06-01T03:22:58Z http://eprints.utm.my/5039/ Emission characteristics of bi-fuel motorcycle Abdul Majid, Zulkifli Yaacob, Zulkefli King, Martin Philip Ik Pau Yahya, Mohd Adnan Abd. Razak, Mohd. Masri T Technology (General) Motor vehicles generate three major pollutants: Hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO). Hydrocarbon reacts with nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight to form ground-level ozone (smog). Nitrogen oxides contributes to the formation of acid rain while carbon monoxide can impair mental functions and is deadly in high concentrations. Statistics in Malaysia show that from 8.9 million motor vehicles registered in 1998, approximately 2 millions tones of carbon monoxide, 237 000 tonnes of oxides of nitrogen, 111 000 tonnes of hydrocarbons, 38 000 tonnes sulphur dioxide and 17 000 tonnes particulate matters were emitted into the atmosphere. Concurrent with the increasing awareness of the impact of vehicular emissions on the global environmental quality, the industry concerned has invented many new technologies on reducing the emission level. These include catalytic converters, reformulated fuels and natural gas vehicle. Malaysia is promoting the use of cleaner fuel (natural gas) in power vehicle. Combustion from natural gas produces cleaner emissions, and thus providing the inhabitants of city centers a cleaner environment. The first project in Malaysia that utilized natural gas for motorcycle was carried out by the Gas Technology Center (GASTEG) NGV Research Group from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. This project is directed towards the study on the performance and exhaust emission of motorcycles using natural gas and gasoline. In this paper the emission characteristics of exhaust gases from the combustion of both natural gas and gasoline will be discussed. The major difference between the two fuels is that the exhaust emission from natural gas give a complete combustion, which decrease 99.6% of carbon monoxide, 72.5% of unburned hydrocarbon and eliminate nitrogen oxide emission at a speed of 70 km/hr. Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering, UTM 2001 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.utm.my/5039/1/ZulkifliAbdulMajid2001_EmissionCharacteristicsOfBi-FuelMotorcycle.pdf Abdul Majid, Zulkifli and Yaacob, Zulkefli and King, Martin Philip Ik Pau and Yahya, Mohd Adnan and Abd. Razak, Mohd. Masri (2001) Emission characteristics of bi-fuel motorcycle. Proceedings of The 15th Symposium of Malaysian Chemical Engineers SOMChE 2001 . pp. 372-377.
spellingShingle T Technology (General)
Abdul Majid, Zulkifli
Yaacob, Zulkefli
King, Martin Philip Ik Pau
Yahya, Mohd Adnan
Abd. Razak, Mohd. Masri
Emission characteristics of bi-fuel motorcycle
title Emission characteristics of bi-fuel motorcycle
title_full Emission characteristics of bi-fuel motorcycle
title_fullStr Emission characteristics of bi-fuel motorcycle
title_full_unstemmed Emission characteristics of bi-fuel motorcycle
title_short Emission characteristics of bi-fuel motorcycle
title_sort emission characteristics of bi-fuel motorcycle
topic T Technology (General)
url http://eprints.utm.my/5039/
http://eprints.utm.my/5039/1/ZulkifliAbdulMajid2001_EmissionCharacteristicsOfBi-FuelMotorcycle.pdf