Biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat oil by mesoporous sulfated Ce supported activated carbon
Biodiesel, as an alternative fuel for petroleum-derived fuel, has gained significant attention from society. In this research work, biodiesel is produced via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat and skin oil (CFSO) over Ce supported sulfated activated carbon derived fro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88031/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88031/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848860541210066944 |
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| author | Gnanaserkhar, Shobhana Mijan, Nurul Asikin Alsultan, Abdulkareem Ghassan Seenivasagam, Sivasangar Saiman, Mohd Izham Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin |
| author_facet | Gnanaserkhar, Shobhana Mijan, Nurul Asikin Alsultan, Abdulkareem Ghassan Seenivasagam, Sivasangar Saiman, Mohd Izham Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin |
| author_sort | Gnanaserkhar, Shobhana |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Biodiesel, as an alternative fuel for petroleum-derived fuel, has gained significant attention from society. In this research work, biodiesel is produced via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat and skin oil (CFSO) over Ce supported sulfated activated carbon derived from coconut shell (ACcs-S). Details of a study on the effect of Ce concentrations in the range of 5–15 wt% were also investigated. The results showed that 5 wt% Ce was an optimum concentration for the esterification and transesterification of CFSO with approximately 93% free fatty acid (FFA) conversion. High FFA conversion by 5Ce/ACcs-S is attributed to it having a sufficient amount of acid-base and noticeable pore structures. The effect of four variables (i.e., methanol to chicken fat oil, catalyst loading, reaction time, and temperature) on the FFA conversion was studied via the one-variable–at-a-time method. Optimum FFA conversion (93%) was achieved at a temperature of 90 °C, 12:1 MeOH to oil ratio, 3 wt % catalyst loading, and 1 h reaction time. 5Ce/ACcs-S shows high chemical stability by maintaining the FFA conversion at up to 90% within five consecutive reaction cycles. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:46:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-88031 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T12:46:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-880312022-05-24T04:57:48Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88031/ Biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat oil by mesoporous sulfated Ce supported activated carbon Gnanaserkhar, Shobhana Mijan, Nurul Asikin Alsultan, Abdulkareem Ghassan Seenivasagam, Sivasangar Saiman, Mohd Izham Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin Biodiesel, as an alternative fuel for petroleum-derived fuel, has gained significant attention from society. In this research work, biodiesel is produced via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat and skin oil (CFSO) over Ce supported sulfated activated carbon derived from coconut shell (ACcs-S). Details of a study on the effect of Ce concentrations in the range of 5–15 wt% were also investigated. The results showed that 5 wt% Ce was an optimum concentration for the esterification and transesterification of CFSO with approximately 93% free fatty acid (FFA) conversion. High FFA conversion by 5Ce/ACcs-S is attributed to it having a sufficient amount of acid-base and noticeable pore structures. The effect of four variables (i.e., methanol to chicken fat oil, catalyst loading, reaction time, and temperature) on the FFA conversion was studied via the one-variable–at-a-time method. Optimum FFA conversion (93%) was achieved at a temperature of 90 °C, 12:1 MeOH to oil ratio, 3 wt % catalyst loading, and 1 h reaction time. 5Ce/ACcs-S shows high chemical stability by maintaining the FFA conversion at up to 90% within five consecutive reaction cycles. Elsevier 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88031/1/ABSTRACT.pdf Gnanaserkhar, Shobhana and Mijan, Nurul Asikin and Alsultan, Abdulkareem Ghassan and Seenivasagam, Sivasangar and Saiman, Mohd Izham and Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin (2020) Biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat oil by mesoporous sulfated Ce supported activated carbon. Biomass & Bioenergy, 141. art. no. 105714. pp. 1-13. ISSN 0961-9534 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0961953420302488 10.1016/j.biombioe.2020.105714 |
| spellingShingle | Gnanaserkhar, Shobhana Mijan, Nurul Asikin Alsultan, Abdulkareem Ghassan Seenivasagam, Sivasangar Saiman, Mohd Izham Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin Biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat oil by mesoporous sulfated Ce supported activated carbon |
| title | Biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat oil by mesoporous sulfated Ce supported activated carbon |
| title_full | Biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat oil by mesoporous sulfated Ce supported activated carbon |
| title_fullStr | Biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat oil by mesoporous sulfated Ce supported activated carbon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat oil by mesoporous sulfated Ce supported activated carbon |
| title_short | Biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat oil by mesoporous sulfated Ce supported activated carbon |
| title_sort | biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification of chicken fat oil by mesoporous sulfated ce supported activated carbon |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88031/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88031/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88031/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88031/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |