Status of persistent organic pesticide residue in water and food and their effects on environment and farmers: a comprehensive review in Nigeria
Pesticide helps to enhance agricultural production, however, it significantly affect both socio and environmental entities of a country. In Nigeria, pesticide is widely used, thus its traces have been detected in water, soil and air. Several studies have already indicated that most of the environmen...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universidade Estadual de Londrina
2017
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63286/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63286/1/Status%20of%20persistent%20organic%20pesticide%20residues%20in%20water%20and%20food%20and%20their%20effects%20on%20.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848854754967420928 |
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| author | Mazlan, Norida Ahmed, Mohammed Muharam, Farrah Melissa Alam, Md. Amirul |
| author_facet | Mazlan, Norida Ahmed, Mohammed Muharam, Farrah Melissa Alam, Md. Amirul |
| author_sort | Mazlan, Norida |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Pesticide helps to enhance agricultural production, however, it significantly affect both socio and environmental entities of a country. In Nigeria, pesticide is widely used, thus its traces have been detected in water, soil and air. Several studies have already indicated that most of the environmental ecology (air, water, and soil) in Nigeria has been contaminated by persistent organic pesticides like organochlorine and organophosphate. Other reasons of high pesticide residues present in Nigeria environment is due to inappropriate dosage applied of pesticides that leaves behind excess. However, its residues are found above safety levels in the air, water, and soil across the nation. Based on previous analysis, it is indicated that 125,000-130,000 metric ton pesticides are being applied annually in Nigeria. Despite banned of some pesticides such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane- and -Hexachlorocyclohexane, they are still being used by farmers in their agricultural production. Many of the Class 1 (high extremely toxic) pesticides are still being used in developing countries like Nigeria. Hence, there is need to sensitize and educate the general public especially the end-users (farmers) particularly on management practices of pesticides. Considering these entire hazardous situations, in this article the history of pesticide used in Nigeria has been reviewed in detail. The article also discussed the effects of pesticide use in Nigerian waters, soil and on crops. The risk of residual pesticide on agricultural workers, pesticide residue risk preventive measures by the Federal Government of Nigeria, banned and restricted pesticides in Nigeria, Nigerian Government and its efforts to eliminate persistent organic pesticides in use are also reviewed in details. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:14:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-63286 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T11:14:54Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Universidade Estadual de Londrina |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-632862018-09-26T01:52:08Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63286/ Status of persistent organic pesticide residue in water and food and their effects on environment and farmers: a comprehensive review in Nigeria Mazlan, Norida Ahmed, Mohammed Muharam, Farrah Melissa Alam, Md. Amirul Pesticide helps to enhance agricultural production, however, it significantly affect both socio and environmental entities of a country. In Nigeria, pesticide is widely used, thus its traces have been detected in water, soil and air. Several studies have already indicated that most of the environmental ecology (air, water, and soil) in Nigeria has been contaminated by persistent organic pesticides like organochlorine and organophosphate. Other reasons of high pesticide residues present in Nigeria environment is due to inappropriate dosage applied of pesticides that leaves behind excess. However, its residues are found above safety levels in the air, water, and soil across the nation. Based on previous analysis, it is indicated that 125,000-130,000 metric ton pesticides are being applied annually in Nigeria. Despite banned of some pesticides such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane- and -Hexachlorocyclohexane, they are still being used by farmers in their agricultural production. Many of the Class 1 (high extremely toxic) pesticides are still being used in developing countries like Nigeria. Hence, there is need to sensitize and educate the general public especially the end-users (farmers) particularly on management practices of pesticides. Considering these entire hazardous situations, in this article the history of pesticide used in Nigeria has been reviewed in detail. The article also discussed the effects of pesticide use in Nigerian waters, soil and on crops. The risk of residual pesticide on agricultural workers, pesticide residue risk preventive measures by the Federal Government of Nigeria, banned and restricted pesticides in Nigeria, Nigerian Government and its efforts to eliminate persistent organic pesticides in use are also reviewed in details. Universidade Estadual de Londrina 2017 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63286/1/Status%20of%20persistent%20organic%20pesticide%20residues%20in%20water%20and%20food%20and%20their%20effects%20on%20.pdf Mazlan, Norida and Ahmed, Mohammed and Muharam, Farrah Melissa and Alam, Md. Amirul (2017) Status of persistent organic pesticide residue in water and food and their effects on environment and farmers: a comprehensive review in Nigeria. Semina: Ciencias Agrarias, 38 (3). 2221 - 2236. ISSN 1676-546X; ESSN: 1679-0359 http://www.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/26637 10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4p2221 |
| spellingShingle | Mazlan, Norida Ahmed, Mohammed Muharam, Farrah Melissa Alam, Md. Amirul Status of persistent organic pesticide residue in water and food and their effects on environment and farmers: a comprehensive review in Nigeria |
| title | Status of persistent organic pesticide residue in water and food and their effects on environment and farmers: a comprehensive review in Nigeria |
| title_full | Status of persistent organic pesticide residue in water and food and their effects on environment and farmers: a comprehensive review in Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Status of persistent organic pesticide residue in water and food and their effects on environment and farmers: a comprehensive review in Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Status of persistent organic pesticide residue in water and food and their effects on environment and farmers: a comprehensive review in Nigeria |
| title_short | Status of persistent organic pesticide residue in water and food and their effects on environment and farmers: a comprehensive review in Nigeria |
| title_sort | status of persistent organic pesticide residue in water and food and their effects on environment and farmers: a comprehensive review in nigeria |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63286/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63286/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63286/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63286/1/Status%20of%20persistent%20organic%20pesticide%20residues%20in%20water%20and%20food%20and%20their%20effects%20on%20.pdf |