Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters by using alkaline catalyst in the presence of alcohol derivatives as excess reactant
Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters was successfully carried out from vegetable triglycerides as feedstock by transesterification reaction under atmospheric pressure. In term of catalyst, alkaline was selected for this reaction. The effects of operating variables such as molar ratios, reaction temp...
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Language: | English |
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Universiti Putra Malaysia
2010
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47429/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47429/1/Synthesis%20of%20vegetable%20alkyl%20esters%20by%20using%20alkaline%20catalyst%20in%20the%20presence%20of%20alcohol%20derivatives%20as%20excess%20reactant.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848850814432444416 |
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| author | Azhari, Yunus, Robiah |
| author_facet | Azhari, Yunus, Robiah |
| author_sort | Azhari, |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters was successfully carried out from vegetable triglycerides as feedstock by transesterification reaction under atmospheric pressure. In term of catalyst, alkaline was selected for this reaction. The effects of operating variables such as molar ratios,
reaction temperatures were investigated as we". The reaction temperature and time were varied between 55 to 70°C and 50 to 90 minutes respectively. The alcohol derivatives to oil molar ratios were also varied at 6:1, 5:1, 4:1, and 3:1 to examine its effect on reaction yield.
The reaction conversion was 99% by use of methoxide as a catalyst. However, with hydroxide as catalyst, the conversion was lower. The optimum conditions for methoxide as catalyst were reaction temperature, 65°C; reaction time, 60 minutes; molar ratio, 6:1; and catalyst amount, 1.0% w/w. The kinetics study on transesterification of vegetable triglycerides with alcohol derivatives established that the reaction occurred via two stepwise and irreversible elementary reactions under second order. A vacuum distillation process was used to reduce the alkyl esters saturated compounds that effect proportionally to pour point of vegetable alkyl esters. The lowest pour point attainable for vegetable alkyl esters was at -18°e. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:12:16Z |
| format | Conference or Workshop Item |
| id | upm-47429 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T10:12:16Z |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publisher | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-474292016-08-12T09:08:55Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47429/ Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters by using alkaline catalyst in the presence of alcohol derivatives as excess reactant Azhari, Yunus, Robiah Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters was successfully carried out from vegetable triglycerides as feedstock by transesterification reaction under atmospheric pressure. In term of catalyst, alkaline was selected for this reaction. The effects of operating variables such as molar ratios, reaction temperatures were investigated as we". The reaction temperature and time were varied between 55 to 70°C and 50 to 90 minutes respectively. The alcohol derivatives to oil molar ratios were also varied at 6:1, 5:1, 4:1, and 3:1 to examine its effect on reaction yield. The reaction conversion was 99% by use of methoxide as a catalyst. However, with hydroxide as catalyst, the conversion was lower. The optimum conditions for methoxide as catalyst were reaction temperature, 65°C; reaction time, 60 minutes; molar ratio, 6:1; and catalyst amount, 1.0% w/w. The kinetics study on transesterification of vegetable triglycerides with alcohol derivatives established that the reaction occurred via two stepwise and irreversible elementary reactions under second order. A vacuum distillation process was used to reduce the alkyl esters saturated compounds that effect proportionally to pour point of vegetable alkyl esters. The lowest pour point attainable for vegetable alkyl esters was at -18°e. Universiti Putra Malaysia 2010 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47429/1/Synthesis%20of%20vegetable%20alkyl%20esters%20by%20using%20alkaline%20catalyst%20in%20the%20presence%20of%20alcohol%20derivatives%20as%20excess%20reactant.pdf Azhari, and Yunus, Robiah (2010) Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters by using alkaline catalyst in the presence of alcohol derivatives as excess reactant. In: Aceh Development International Conference 2010, 26-28 Mar. 2010, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia. (pp. 834-841). |
| spellingShingle | Azhari, Yunus, Robiah Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters by using alkaline catalyst in the presence of alcohol derivatives as excess reactant |
| title | Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters by using alkaline catalyst in the presence of alcohol derivatives as excess reactant |
| title_full | Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters by using alkaline catalyst in the presence of alcohol derivatives as excess reactant |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters by using alkaline catalyst in the presence of alcohol derivatives as excess reactant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters by using alkaline catalyst in the presence of alcohol derivatives as excess reactant |
| title_short | Synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters by using alkaline catalyst in the presence of alcohol derivatives as excess reactant |
| title_sort | synthesis of vegetable alkyl esters by using alkaline catalyst in the presence of alcohol derivatives as excess reactant |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47429/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47429/1/Synthesis%20of%20vegetable%20alkyl%20esters%20by%20using%20alkaline%20catalyst%20in%20the%20presence%20of%20alcohol%20derivatives%20as%20excess%20reactant.pdf |