Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53
Background: Eurycomanone is a cytotoxic compound found in Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Previous studies had noted the cytotoxic effect against various cancer cell lines. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxicity against human hepato carcinoma cell in vitro and the mode of action. The c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BioMed Central
2009
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/14582/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/14582/1/14582.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848842434136506368 |
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| author | Zakaria, Yusmazura Rahmat, Asmah Lope Pihie, Azimahtol Hawariah Abdullah, Noor Rain Houghton, Peter J. |
| author_facet | Zakaria, Yusmazura Rahmat, Asmah Lope Pihie, Azimahtol Hawariah Abdullah, Noor Rain Houghton, Peter J. |
| author_sort | Zakaria, Yusmazura |
| building | UPM Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background:
Eurycomanone is a cytotoxic compound found in Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Previous studies had noted the cytotoxic effect against various cancer cell lines. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxicity against human hepato carcinoma cell in vitro and the mode of action. The cytotoxicity of eurycomanone was evaluated using MTT assay and the mode of cell death was detected by Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining and flow cytometry with Annexin-V/propidium iodide double staining. The protein expression Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and cytochrome C were studied by flow cytometry using a spesific antibody conjugated fluorescent dye to confirm the up-regulation of p53 and Bax in cancer cells.
Results:
The findings suggested that eurycomanone was cytotoxic on cancerous liver cell, HepG2 and less toxic on normal cells Chang's liver and WLR-68. Furthermore, various methods proved that apoptosis was the mode of death in eurycomanone-treated HepG2 cells. The characteristics of apoptosis including chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation and apoptotic bodies were found following eurycomanone treatment. This study also found that apoptotic process triggered by eurycomanone involved the up-regulation of p53 tumor suppressor protein. The up-regulation of p53 was followed by the increasing of pro-apoptotic Bax and decreasing of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. The increased of cytochrome C levels in cytosol also results in induction of apoptosis.
Conclusion:
The data suggest that eurycomanone was cytotoxic on HepG2 cells by inducing apoptosis through the up-regulation of p53 and Bax, and down-regulation of Bcl-2. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T07:59:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm-14582 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T07:59:04Z |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publisher | BioMed Central |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | upm-145822020-07-24T02:02:41Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/14582/ Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53 Zakaria, Yusmazura Rahmat, Asmah Lope Pihie, Azimahtol Hawariah Abdullah, Noor Rain Houghton, Peter J. Background: Eurycomanone is a cytotoxic compound found in Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Previous studies had noted the cytotoxic effect against various cancer cell lines. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxicity against human hepato carcinoma cell in vitro and the mode of action. The cytotoxicity of eurycomanone was evaluated using MTT assay and the mode of cell death was detected by Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining and flow cytometry with Annexin-V/propidium iodide double staining. The protein expression Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and cytochrome C were studied by flow cytometry using a spesific antibody conjugated fluorescent dye to confirm the up-regulation of p53 and Bax in cancer cells. Results: The findings suggested that eurycomanone was cytotoxic on cancerous liver cell, HepG2 and less toxic on normal cells Chang's liver and WLR-68. Furthermore, various methods proved that apoptosis was the mode of death in eurycomanone-treated HepG2 cells. The characteristics of apoptosis including chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation and apoptotic bodies were found following eurycomanone treatment. This study also found that apoptotic process triggered by eurycomanone involved the up-regulation of p53 tumor suppressor protein. The up-regulation of p53 was followed by the increasing of pro-apoptotic Bax and decreasing of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. The increased of cytochrome C levels in cytosol also results in induction of apoptosis. Conclusion: The data suggest that eurycomanone was cytotoxic on HepG2 cells by inducing apoptosis through the up-regulation of p53 and Bax, and down-regulation of Bcl-2. BioMed Central 2009 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/14582/1/14582.pdf Zakaria, Yusmazura and Rahmat, Asmah and Lope Pihie, Azimahtol Hawariah and Abdullah, Noor Rain and Houghton, Peter J. (2009) Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53. Cancer Cell International, 9. art. no. 16. pp. 1-21. ISSN 1475-2867 https://cancerci.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2867-9-16 10.1186/1475-2867-9-16 |
| spellingShingle | Zakaria, Yusmazura Rahmat, Asmah Lope Pihie, Azimahtol Hawariah Abdullah, Noor Rain Houghton, Peter J. Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53 |
| title | Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53 |
| title_full | Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53 |
| title_fullStr | Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53 |
| title_short | Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53 |
| title_sort | eurycomanone induce apoptosis in hepg2 cells via up-regulation of p53 |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/14582/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/14582/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/14582/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/14582/1/14582.pdf |