Effect of Elateriospermum tapos blume in ameliorating development programming of maternal obesity on female offspring Sprague Dawley rats through mesolimbic reward pathway
Early exposure to a high-fat diet increases the risk of obesity in later life. Recent animal studies have revealed that these offspring have a greater preference for fat, raising the possibility that prenatal exposure to high-fat foods alters the central reward system, increasing the desire to ea...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2022
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116370/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116370/1/116370.pdf |
| Summary: | Early exposure to a high-fat diet increases the risk of obesity in later life. Recent
animal studies have revealed that these offspring have a greater preference for
fat, raising the possibility that prenatal exposure to high-fat foods alters the
central reward system, increasing the desire to eat excessive amounts of
palatable foods. Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) is a plant with a high phenolic
and flavonoid content that has been shown to aid treatment of obesity in animal
studies, which led to the hypothesise of E. tapos has the potential to prevent
obesity among offspring as well. The present study has determined the effect
of E.tapos in improving the developmental programming of maternal obesity on
the female offspring's mesolimbic reward pathway. Throughout the study, the
effect of E. tapos supplementation in obese rats before pregnancy on the female
offspring’s body weight, food intake, liver profile, kidney profile, lipid profile,
stress hormone level, organ histology, cognitive effect, and the expression of
mu-opioid receptor (MOR) as well as elements of the dopamine pathway;
tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine receptor 2 (DR2) and the dopamine active
transporter (DAT) were examined. A rat model of maternal obesity was
generated using a high fat and cafeteria diet (HFCD) prior to and throughout
pregnancy and lactation. Six rats out of 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats were
assigned to the normal diet group. The remaining rats were fed with HFCD to
generate obesity for 5 weeks. The obese rats were further divided into 4 groups
of parent female (Dams); 1; Dams Negative Control (DNC, normal saline only),
2; Dams Positive Control (DPC, Orlistat drug 200mg/kg), 3; Dams Treatment 1
(DTX1, E. tapos seed 200mg/kg) and 4; Dams Treatment 2 (DTX2, E. tapos shell
200mg/kg) for 6 weeks daily before mating. The weaning offspring were then
designated into 6 groups according to their dam’s group (n = 6/group). Memory
tasks for object and place recognition were conducted at 8th weeks of age. The
offspring were culled at the 12th weeks of age for their organs and blood. The
mesolimbic proteins were analyzed through the Western blot procedure. The
OTX2 group showed a decrease in weight gain, calorie intake, triglyceride,
alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, Adrenocorticotropic and cortisol hormone
level compared to ONC. Histological examination showed that liver and
retroperitoneal white adipose tissue of OTX1 and OTX2 groups were comparable
with the OND group. In memory tasks, OTX2 showed a significant increase in
exploration rate in place test as compared to the ONC group. Finally, the MOR,
TH, DR2 and DAT proteins in the mesolimbic region were found to be decreased
in the ONC group and treatment with E.tapos had increased the proteins
comparable with the normal diet group. Study showed that E.tapos seed and
shell had ameliorated the changes in protein expression of dopamine and opioid
pathways in offspring exposed to HFCD. Consequently, obesity-related
parameters were normalized back to the normal level comparable to the normal
diet group. This study highlights E. tapos seed and shell as an anti-obesity agent
through the regulation of the mesolimbic pathway. |
|---|