Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in mangosteen pericarp via blanching: correlation between anthocyanins and enzyme activities

Mangosteen pericarp (MP), rich in polyphenols and antioxidants, is often discarded as agro-waste. Its anthocyanins (ACNs), potential natural colourants, are compromised by high polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activity. This study examined the effects of hot water and steam blanching on...

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Main Authors: Ijod, Giroon, Mohamed Nawawi, Nur Izzati, Sulaiman, Rabiha, Khalid, Nurul Izzah, Anwar, Farooq, Mohd Adzahan, Noranizan, Mohamad Azman, Ezzat
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Oxford University Press 2025
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115707/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115707/1/115707.pdf
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author Ijod, Giroon
Mohamed Nawawi, Nur Izzati
Sulaiman, Rabiha
Khalid, Nurul Izzah
Anwar, Farooq
Mohd Adzahan, Noranizan
Mohamad Azman, Ezzat
author_facet Ijod, Giroon
Mohamed Nawawi, Nur Izzati
Sulaiman, Rabiha
Khalid, Nurul Izzah
Anwar, Farooq
Mohd Adzahan, Noranizan
Mohamad Azman, Ezzat
author_sort Ijod, Giroon
building UPM Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Mangosteen pericarp (MP), rich in polyphenols and antioxidants, is often discarded as agro-waste. Its anthocyanins (ACNs), potential natural colourants, are compromised by high polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activity. This study examined the effects of hot water and steam blanching on PPO and POD inactivation in MP. Blanching for 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 s at 100°C. Hot water inactivated 89.57% PPO (t1/2 = ~67 s) and 92.13% POD (t1/2 = ~33.6 s), while steam inactivated 52.81% PPO (t1/2 = ~113.7 s) and 97.07% POD (t1/2 = ~61.8 s). Despite better enzyme inactivation with hot water, it adversely affected ACNs stability. Steam blanching for 90 s, as determined by principal component analysis (PCA), preserved the highest ACNs, phenolics, and antioxidant activities. Cyanidin-3-O-sophoroside (C3S) and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) were identified via LCMS and HPLC, offering insights for preserving ACNs as natural colourants.
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spelling upm-1157072025-07-22T06:18:50Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115707/ Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in mangosteen pericarp via blanching: correlation between anthocyanins and enzyme activities Ijod, Giroon Mohamed Nawawi, Nur Izzati Sulaiman, Rabiha Khalid, Nurul Izzah Anwar, Farooq Mohd Adzahan, Noranizan Mohamad Azman, Ezzat Mangosteen pericarp (MP), rich in polyphenols and antioxidants, is often discarded as agro-waste. Its anthocyanins (ACNs), potential natural colourants, are compromised by high polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activity. This study examined the effects of hot water and steam blanching on PPO and POD inactivation in MP. Blanching for 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 s at 100°C. Hot water inactivated 89.57% PPO (t1/2 = ~67 s) and 92.13% POD (t1/2 = ~33.6 s), while steam inactivated 52.81% PPO (t1/2 = ~113.7 s) and 97.07% POD (t1/2 = ~61.8 s). Despite better enzyme inactivation with hot water, it adversely affected ACNs stability. Steam blanching for 90 s, as determined by principal component analysis (PCA), preserved the highest ACNs, phenolics, and antioxidant activities. Cyanidin-3-O-sophoroside (C3S) and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) were identified via LCMS and HPLC, offering insights for preserving ACNs as natural colourants. Oxford University Press 2025-01-08 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115707/1/115707.pdf Ijod, Giroon and Mohamed Nawawi, Nur Izzati and Sulaiman, Rabiha and Khalid, Nurul Izzah and Anwar, Farooq and Mohd Adzahan, Noranizan and Mohamad Azman, Ezzat (2025) Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in mangosteen pericarp via blanching: correlation between anthocyanins and enzyme activities. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 60 (1). art. no. vvae010. pp. 1-9. ISSN 0950-5423; eISSN: 1365-2621 https://academic.oup.com/ijfst/article/doi/10.1093/ijfood/vvae010/7943342 10.1093/ijfood/vvae010
spellingShingle Ijod, Giroon
Mohamed Nawawi, Nur Izzati
Sulaiman, Rabiha
Khalid, Nurul Izzah
Anwar, Farooq
Mohd Adzahan, Noranizan
Mohamad Azman, Ezzat
Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in mangosteen pericarp via blanching: correlation between anthocyanins and enzyme activities
title Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in mangosteen pericarp via blanching: correlation between anthocyanins and enzyme activities
title_full Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in mangosteen pericarp via blanching: correlation between anthocyanins and enzyme activities
title_fullStr Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in mangosteen pericarp via blanching: correlation between anthocyanins and enzyme activities
title_full_unstemmed Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in mangosteen pericarp via blanching: correlation between anthocyanins and enzyme activities
title_short Inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in mangosteen pericarp via blanching: correlation between anthocyanins and enzyme activities
title_sort inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in mangosteen pericarp via blanching: correlation between anthocyanins and enzyme activities
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115707/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115707/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115707/
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/115707/1/115707.pdf