Nano-enhanced biocarriers: Ferric oxide-modified chitosan and calcium alginate beads for improved fermentation efficiency and reusability in a bubble column bioreactor

Chitosan beads (CB) and calcium alginate beads (CAB) are widely used for immobilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae in fermentation, but their low mechanical strength and limited surface area reduce ethanol yield. To overcome these limitations, ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles were incorporated into CB...

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Main Authors: Abutu, David, Aderemi, B. O., Ameh, A.O, Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof, Agi, Augustine Aja
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45131/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45131/1/Ferric%20oxide-modified%20chitosan%20and%20calcium%20alginate%20beads.pdf
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author Abutu, David
Aderemi, B. O.
Ameh, A.O
Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof
Agi, Augustine Aja
author_facet Abutu, David
Aderemi, B. O.
Ameh, A.O
Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof
Agi, Augustine Aja
author_sort Abutu, David
building UMP Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Chitosan beads (CB) and calcium alginate beads (CAB) are widely used for immobilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae in fermentation, but their low mechanical strength and limited surface area reduce ethanol yield. To overcome these limitations, ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles were incorporated into CB and CAB to enhance both mechanical strength and surface area. The modified carriers were employed for Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilization in a bubble column bioreactor under semi-batch fermentation conditions at 35 °C, an air flow rate of 0.01 L/min, and pH 4.0 for 15 h. The Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles incorporation significantly improved the rupture forces of CB and CAB, increasing from 2 ± 0.05 N to 8 ± 0.5 N and 2 ± 0.05 N to 9 ± 0.07 N, respectively. The surface area of CB increased from 18 ± 0.3 m2/g to 48 ± 0.2 m2/g, while CAB increased from 2 ± 0.2 m2/g to 50 ± 0.1 m2/g, leading to enhanced cell adsorption from 1.13 × 10⁸ to 1.10 × 10⁹ cells/mL Consequently, ethanol yield improved from 37 ± 0.28% to 45 ± 1.23%. Unlike unmodified CB and CAB, which exhibited significant rupture after five reuse cycles, the modified beads retained their structural integrity and activity, demonstrating their durability for yeast immobilization and reuse. This approach offers a promising strategy for enhancing fermentation efficiency and carrier stability in ethanol production.
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institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang
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spelling ump-451312025-07-21T01:29:51Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45131/ Nano-enhanced biocarriers: Ferric oxide-modified chitosan and calcium alginate beads for improved fermentation efficiency and reusability in a bubble column bioreactor Abutu, David Aderemi, B. O. Ameh, A.O Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof Agi, Augustine Aja TP Chemical technology Chitosan beads (CB) and calcium alginate beads (CAB) are widely used for immobilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae in fermentation, but their low mechanical strength and limited surface area reduce ethanol yield. To overcome these limitations, ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles were incorporated into CB and CAB to enhance both mechanical strength and surface area. The modified carriers were employed for Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilization in a bubble column bioreactor under semi-batch fermentation conditions at 35 °C, an air flow rate of 0.01 L/min, and pH 4.0 for 15 h. The Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles incorporation significantly improved the rupture forces of CB and CAB, increasing from 2 ± 0.05 N to 8 ± 0.5 N and 2 ± 0.05 N to 9 ± 0.07 N, respectively. The surface area of CB increased from 18 ± 0.3 m2/g to 48 ± 0.2 m2/g, while CAB increased from 2 ± 0.2 m2/g to 50 ± 0.1 m2/g, leading to enhanced cell adsorption from 1.13 × 10⁸ to 1.10 × 10⁹ cells/mL Consequently, ethanol yield improved from 37 ± 0.28% to 45 ± 1.23%. Unlike unmodified CB and CAB, which exhibited significant rupture after five reuse cycles, the modified beads retained their structural integrity and activity, demonstrating their durability for yeast immobilization and reuse. This approach offers a promising strategy for enhancing fermentation efficiency and carrier stability in ethanol production. Springer 2025 Article PeerReviewed pdf en cc_by_nc_nd_4 http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45131/1/Ferric%20oxide-modified%20chitosan%20and%20calcium%20alginate%20beads.pdf Abutu, David and Aderemi, B. O. and Ameh, A.O and Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof and Agi, Augustine Aja (2025) Nano-enhanced biocarriers: Ferric oxide-modified chitosan and calcium alginate beads for improved fermentation efficiency and reusability in a bubble column bioreactor. Biotechnology Letters, 47 (4). pp. 1-24. ISSN 0141-5492. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-025-03611-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-025-03611-6
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Abutu, David
Aderemi, B. O.
Ameh, A.O
Wan Mohd Hafizuddin, Wan Yussof
Agi, Augustine Aja
Nano-enhanced biocarriers: Ferric oxide-modified chitosan and calcium alginate beads for improved fermentation efficiency and reusability in a bubble column bioreactor
title Nano-enhanced biocarriers: Ferric oxide-modified chitosan and calcium alginate beads for improved fermentation efficiency and reusability in a bubble column bioreactor
title_full Nano-enhanced biocarriers: Ferric oxide-modified chitosan and calcium alginate beads for improved fermentation efficiency and reusability in a bubble column bioreactor
title_fullStr Nano-enhanced biocarriers: Ferric oxide-modified chitosan and calcium alginate beads for improved fermentation efficiency and reusability in a bubble column bioreactor
title_full_unstemmed Nano-enhanced biocarriers: Ferric oxide-modified chitosan and calcium alginate beads for improved fermentation efficiency and reusability in a bubble column bioreactor
title_short Nano-enhanced biocarriers: Ferric oxide-modified chitosan and calcium alginate beads for improved fermentation efficiency and reusability in a bubble column bioreactor
title_sort nano-enhanced biocarriers: ferric oxide-modified chitosan and calcium alginate beads for improved fermentation efficiency and reusability in a bubble column bioreactor
topic TP Chemical technology
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45131/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45131/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45131/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/45131/1/Ferric%20oxide-modified%20chitosan%20and%20calcium%20alginate%20beads.pdf