Long-term evaluation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming over lanthanum-based perovskite oxides
To replace the obsolete ponding system, palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming (SR) over net-acidic LaNiO3 and net-basic LaCoO3 were proposed as the POME primary treatments, with promising H2-rich syngas production. Herein, the long-term evaluation of POME SR was scrutinized with both catalys...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
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Academic Press
2024
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| Online Access: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/1/Long-term%20evaluation%20of%20palm%20oil%20mill%20effluent%20%28POME%29%20steam%20reforming.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/2/Long-term%20evaluation%20of%20palm%20oil%20mill%20effluent%20%28POME%29%20steam%20reforming%20over%20lanthanum-based%20perovskite%20oxides_ABS.pdf |
| _version_ | 1848825931618058240 |
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| author | Cheng, Yoke Wang Chong, Chi Cheng Cheng, Chin Kui Wang, Chi Hwa Ng, Kim Hoong Witoon, Thongthai Lam, Man Kee Lim, Jun Wei |
| author_facet | Cheng, Yoke Wang Chong, Chi Cheng Cheng, Chin Kui Wang, Chi Hwa Ng, Kim Hoong Witoon, Thongthai Lam, Man Kee Lim, Jun Wei |
| author_sort | Cheng, Yoke Wang |
| building | UMP Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | To replace the obsolete ponding system, palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming (SR) over net-acidic LaNiO3 and net-basic LaCoO3 were proposed as the POME primary treatments, with promising H2-rich syngas production. Herein, the long-term evaluation of POME SR was scrutinized with both catalysts under the optimal conditions (600 °C, 0.09 mL POME/min, 0.3 g catalyst, & 74–105 μm catalyst particle size) to examine the catalyst microstructure changes, transient process stability, and final effluent evaluation. Extensive characterization proved the (i) adsorption of POME vapour on catalysts before SR, (ii) deposition of carbon and minerals on spent SR catalysts, and (iii) dominance of coking deactivation over sintering deactivation at 600 °C. Despite its longer run, spent LaCoO3 (50.54 wt%) had similar carbon deposition with spent LaNiO3 (50.44 wt%), concurring with its excellent coke resistance. Spent LaCoO3 (6.12 wt%; large protruding crystals) suffered a harsher mineral deposition than spent LaNiO3 (3.71 wt%; thin film coating), confirming that lower reactivity increased residence time of reactants. Transient syngas evolution of both SR catalysts was relatively steady up to 4 h but perturbed by coking deactivation thereafter. La2O2CO3 acted as an intermediate species that hastened the coke removal via reverse Boudouard reaction upon its decarbonation. La2O2CO3 decarbonation occurred continuously in LaCoO3 system but intermittently in LaNiO3 system. LaNiO3 system only lasted for 13 h as its compact ash blocked the gas flow. LaCoO3 system lasted longer (17 h) with its porous ash, but it eventually failed because KCl crystallites blocked its active sites. Relatively, LaCoO3 system offered greater net H2 production (72.78%) and POME treatment volume (30.77%) than LaNiO3 system. SR could attain appreciable POME degradation (>97% COD, BOD5, TSS, & colour intensity). Withal, SR-treated POME should be polished to further reduce its incompliant COD and BOD5. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:36:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ump-40031 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Pahang |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-15T03:36:46Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Academic Press |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | ump-400312024-01-16T06:34:31Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/ Long-term evaluation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming over lanthanum-based perovskite oxides Cheng, Yoke Wang Chong, Chi Cheng Cheng, Chin Kui Wang, Chi Hwa Ng, Kim Hoong Witoon, Thongthai Lam, Man Kee Lim, Jun Wei QD Chemistry T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TP Chemical technology To replace the obsolete ponding system, palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming (SR) over net-acidic LaNiO3 and net-basic LaCoO3 were proposed as the POME primary treatments, with promising H2-rich syngas production. Herein, the long-term evaluation of POME SR was scrutinized with both catalysts under the optimal conditions (600 °C, 0.09 mL POME/min, 0.3 g catalyst, & 74–105 μm catalyst particle size) to examine the catalyst microstructure changes, transient process stability, and final effluent evaluation. Extensive characterization proved the (i) adsorption of POME vapour on catalysts before SR, (ii) deposition of carbon and minerals on spent SR catalysts, and (iii) dominance of coking deactivation over sintering deactivation at 600 °C. Despite its longer run, spent LaCoO3 (50.54 wt%) had similar carbon deposition with spent LaNiO3 (50.44 wt%), concurring with its excellent coke resistance. Spent LaCoO3 (6.12 wt%; large protruding crystals) suffered a harsher mineral deposition than spent LaNiO3 (3.71 wt%; thin film coating), confirming that lower reactivity increased residence time of reactants. Transient syngas evolution of both SR catalysts was relatively steady up to 4 h but perturbed by coking deactivation thereafter. La2O2CO3 acted as an intermediate species that hastened the coke removal via reverse Boudouard reaction upon its decarbonation. La2O2CO3 decarbonation occurred continuously in LaCoO3 system but intermittently in LaNiO3 system. LaNiO3 system only lasted for 13 h as its compact ash blocked the gas flow. LaCoO3 system lasted longer (17 h) with its porous ash, but it eventually failed because KCl crystallites blocked its active sites. Relatively, LaCoO3 system offered greater net H2 production (72.78%) and POME treatment volume (30.77%) than LaNiO3 system. SR could attain appreciable POME degradation (>97% COD, BOD5, TSS, & colour intensity). Withal, SR-treated POME should be polished to further reduce its incompliant COD and BOD5. Academic Press 2024-02 Article PeerReviewed pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/1/Long-term%20evaluation%20of%20palm%20oil%20mill%20effluent%20%28POME%29%20steam%20reforming.pdf pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/2/Long-term%20evaluation%20of%20palm%20oil%20mill%20effluent%20%28POME%29%20steam%20reforming%20over%20lanthanum-based%20perovskite%20oxides_ABS.pdf Cheng, Yoke Wang and Chong, Chi Cheng and Cheng, Chin Kui and Wang, Chi Hwa and Ng, Kim Hoong and Witoon, Thongthai and Lam, Man Kee and Lim, Jun Wei (2024) Long-term evaluation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming over lanthanum-based perovskite oxides. Journal of Environmental Management, 351 (119919). pp. 1-13. ISSN 0301-4797. (Published) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119919 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119919 |
| spellingShingle | QD Chemistry T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TP Chemical technology Cheng, Yoke Wang Chong, Chi Cheng Cheng, Chin Kui Wang, Chi Hwa Ng, Kim Hoong Witoon, Thongthai Lam, Man Kee Lim, Jun Wei Long-term evaluation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming over lanthanum-based perovskite oxides |
| title | Long-term evaluation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming over lanthanum-based perovskite oxides |
| title_full | Long-term evaluation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming over lanthanum-based perovskite oxides |
| title_fullStr | Long-term evaluation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming over lanthanum-based perovskite oxides |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-term evaluation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming over lanthanum-based perovskite oxides |
| title_short | Long-term evaluation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) steam reforming over lanthanum-based perovskite oxides |
| title_sort | long-term evaluation of palm oil mill effluent (pome) steam reforming over lanthanum-based perovskite oxides |
| topic | QD Chemistry T Technology (General) TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TP Chemical technology |
| url | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/1/Long-term%20evaluation%20of%20palm%20oil%20mill%20effluent%20%28POME%29%20steam%20reforming.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/40031/2/Long-term%20evaluation%20of%20palm%20oil%20mill%20effluent%20%28POME%29%20steam%20reforming%20over%20lanthanum-based%20perovskite%20oxides_ABS.pdf |