Enhanced in vitro shoot regeneration and biochemical properties of Stevia rebaudiana using chitosan
Stevia rebaudiana is a herbaceous perennial plant with great global demand due to its beneficial steviol glycosides (SGs) content. Current conventional breeding technique is unable to cater the need for more S. rebaudiana planting materials. Therefore, an improved in vitro shoot regeneration prot...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
2021
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/16907/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/16907/1/9.pdf |
| Summary: | Stevia rebaudiana is a herbaceous perennial plant with great global demand due to its beneficial steviol glycosides
(SGs) content. Current conventional breeding technique is unable to cater the need for more S. rebaudiana planting
materials. Therefore, an improved in vitro shoot regeneration protocol was developed for S. rebaudiana by using
chitosan. The highest fresh weight of plant (0.586 ± 0.176 g/explant), dry weight of plant (0.056 ± 0.02 g/explant) and
plant height (4.94 ± 1.17 cm/explant) with maximum number of leaves (25.33 ± 6.95 /explant) were observed on
explants grown in optimun treatment of MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L of 6-benzyaminopurine (BAP) and
60 mg/L of low molecular weight (MW) chitosan after 4 weeks of culture. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis
showed that new shoot primordia and shoot bud formation can be seen as early as day 3 and 5 of cultures on optimun
treatment. Further biochemical assays showed that total phenolic acid content, total protein content and total hydrolyzed
sugar content were recorded higher in explants cultured in optimun treatment as compared to control media. In contrast,
total chlorophyll content and total flavonoids content were reduced in optimum treatment. Meanwhile, no significant
difference in antioxidant activity was observed. All cultures from the optimal treatment were successfully regenerated,
acclimatized and grew well with 100% survival rate. Taken together, an enhanced and efficient shoot regeneration protocol
of S. rebaudiana was successfully developed which will be useful for rapid and large-scale micropropagation in future. |
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