Synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots from miscanthus via ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method
Whilst graphene materials have become increasingly popular in recent years, the followed synthesis strategies face sustainability, environmental and quality challenges. This study proposes an effective, sustainable and scalable ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method to produce graphene...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2021
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/65381/ |
| _version_ | 1848800220463235072 |
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| author | Yan, Yuxin Manickam, Sivakumar Lester, Edward Wu, Tao Pang, Cheng Heng |
| author_facet | Yan, Yuxin Manickam, Sivakumar Lester, Edward Wu, Tao Pang, Cheng Heng |
| author_sort | Yan, Yuxin |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Whilst graphene materials have become increasingly popular in recent years, the followed synthesis strategies face sustainability, environmental and quality challenges. This study proposes an effective, sustainable and scalable ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method to produce graphene oxide (GO). A typical energy crop, miscanthus, was used as a carbon precursor and pyrolysed at 1200 ◦C before subjecting to edgecarboxylation via ball-milling in a CO2-induced environment. The resultant functionalised biochar was ultrasonically exfoliated in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and water to form GOs. The intermediate and endproducts were characterised via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses. Results show that the proposed synthesis route can produce good quality and uniform GOs (8–10% monolayer), with up to 96% of GOs having three layers or
lesser when NMP is used. Ultrasonication proved to be effective in propagating the self-repulsion of negativelycharged functional groups. Moreover, small amounts of graphene quantum dots were observed, illustrating the potential of producing various graphene materials via a single-step method. Whilst this study has only investigated utilising miscanthus, the current findings are promising and could expand the potential of producing good quality graphene materials from renewable sources via green synthesis routes. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:48:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-65381 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T20:48:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| recordtype | eprints |
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| spelling | nottingham-653812021-06-04T03:36:54Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/65381/ Synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots from miscanthus via ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method Yan, Yuxin Manickam, Sivakumar Lester, Edward Wu, Tao Pang, Cheng Heng Whilst graphene materials have become increasingly popular in recent years, the followed synthesis strategies face sustainability, environmental and quality challenges. This study proposes an effective, sustainable and scalable ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method to produce graphene oxide (GO). A typical energy crop, miscanthus, was used as a carbon precursor and pyrolysed at 1200 ◦C before subjecting to edgecarboxylation via ball-milling in a CO2-induced environment. The resultant functionalised biochar was ultrasonically exfoliated in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and water to form GOs. The intermediate and endproducts were characterised via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses. Results show that the proposed synthesis route can produce good quality and uniform GOs (8–10% monolayer), with up to 96% of GOs having three layers or lesser when NMP is used. Ultrasonication proved to be effective in propagating the self-repulsion of negativelycharged functional groups. Moreover, small amounts of graphene quantum dots were observed, illustrating the potential of producing various graphene materials via a single-step method. Whilst this study has only investigated utilising miscanthus, the current findings are promising and could expand the potential of producing good quality graphene materials from renewable sources via green synthesis routes. 2021-03-13 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en cc_by_nc_nd https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/65381/1/main.pdf Yan, Yuxin, Manickam, Sivakumar, Lester, Edward, Wu, Tao and Pang, Cheng Heng (2021) Synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots from miscanthus via ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 73 . p. 105519. ISSN 13504177 Graphene oxide Graphene quantum dots Ultrasound Sonication NMP Exfoliation http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105519 doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105519 doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105519 |
| spellingShingle | Graphene oxide Graphene quantum dots Ultrasound Sonication NMP Exfoliation Yan, Yuxin Manickam, Sivakumar Lester, Edward Wu, Tao Pang, Cheng Heng Synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots from miscanthus via ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method |
| title | Synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots from miscanthus via ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method |
| title_full | Synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots from miscanthus via ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots from miscanthus via ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots from miscanthus via ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method |
| title_short | Synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots from miscanthus via ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method |
| title_sort | synthesis of graphene oxide and graphene quantum dots from miscanthus via ultrasound-assisted mechano-chemical cracking method |
| topic | Graphene oxide Graphene quantum dots Ultrasound Sonication NMP Exfoliation |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/65381/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/65381/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/65381/ |