Investigating the association between opioid analgesics and the risk of bone fracture
Background Opioids have been increasingly prescribed to people with pain; despite limited evidence to support their effectiveness and safety in the long-term. Opioids may increase the risk of bone fracture due to effects on the central nervous system (CNS) and on bone mineral density (BMD). The ai...
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| Format: | Thesis (University of Nottingham only) |
| Language: | English |
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2020
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/59828/ |