“Beyond the pale of mercy”: Victorian penal culture, police court missionaries, and the origins of probation in England
One of the most striking changes in the penal culture of fin-de-siècle Europe was England's reform of adjudication and punishment. In this “de-moralization of criminality,” the system began to shed its punitive sentencing, which often saw minor offenders imprisoned with hard labor for weeks or...
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Cambridge University Press
2015
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51606/ |