The role of deformation history on stress relaxation and stress memory of filled rubber
Although the magnitudes of inelastic and viscoelastic effects in filled rubbers are small relative to that of the elastic response, these effects are nevertheless critical in applications such as gaskets, seals and dampers. This study investigates the role of deformation history on relaxation of rub...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2014
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45407/ |
| _version_ | 1848797124808933376 |
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| author | Fernandes Arruebarrena, Vanessa Auxiliadora De Focatiis, Davide S.A. |
| author_facet | Fernandes Arruebarrena, Vanessa Auxiliadora De Focatiis, Davide S.A. |
| author_sort | Fernandes Arruebarrena, Vanessa Auxiliadora |
| building | Nottingham Research Data Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Although the magnitudes of inelastic and viscoelastic effects in filled rubbers are small relative to that of the elastic response, these effects are nevertheless critical in applications such as gaskets, seals and dampers. This study investigates the role of deformation history on relaxation of rubber through time-dependent experiments following a range of deformation histories. Two grades of carbon-black filled EPDM were subjected to uniaxial tensile deformation followed by stress-relaxation or stress memory at fixed deformation. Stress relaxation was found to be highly dependent on strain levels following a single loading. When an additional load-unload cycle was added to the history, the rubbers relaxed an approximately constant fraction of stress after a given time, provided that the strain at stress relaxation was smaller than the historical maximum. This fraction was independent of both the applied strain and of the maximum strain, and suggests that the relaxation process is independent of scragging procedures used to control the modulus. Stress memory observed following load-unload cycles was also approximately independent of strain history. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:58:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | nottingham-45407 |
| institution | University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T19:58:54Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | nottingham-454072020-05-04T16:56:27Z https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45407/ The role of deformation history on stress relaxation and stress memory of filled rubber Fernandes Arruebarrena, Vanessa Auxiliadora De Focatiis, Davide S.A. Although the magnitudes of inelastic and viscoelastic effects in filled rubbers are small relative to that of the elastic response, these effects are nevertheless critical in applications such as gaskets, seals and dampers. This study investigates the role of deformation history on relaxation of rubber through time-dependent experiments following a range of deformation histories. Two grades of carbon-black filled EPDM were subjected to uniaxial tensile deformation followed by stress-relaxation or stress memory at fixed deformation. Stress relaxation was found to be highly dependent on strain levels following a single loading. When an additional load-unload cycle was added to the history, the rubbers relaxed an approximately constant fraction of stress after a given time, provided that the strain at stress relaxation was smaller than the historical maximum. This fraction was independent of both the applied strain and of the maximum strain, and suggests that the relaxation process is independent of scragging procedures used to control the modulus. Stress memory observed following load-unload cycles was also approximately independent of strain history. Elsevier 2014-12-01 Article PeerReviewed Fernandes Arruebarrena, Vanessa Auxiliadora and De Focatiis, Davide S.A. (2014) The role of deformation history on stress relaxation and stress memory of filled rubber. Polymer Testing, 40 . pp. 124-132. ISSN 1873-2348 Viscoelasticity; Mullins effect; EPDM; Time-dependence; Stress memory; Stress relaxation http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941814002013?via%3Dihub doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2014.08.018 doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2014.08.018 |
| spellingShingle | Viscoelasticity; Mullins effect; EPDM; Time-dependence; Stress memory; Stress relaxation Fernandes Arruebarrena, Vanessa Auxiliadora De Focatiis, Davide S.A. The role of deformation history on stress relaxation and stress memory of filled rubber |
| title | The role of deformation history on stress relaxation and stress memory of filled rubber |
| title_full | The role of deformation history on stress relaxation and stress memory of filled rubber |
| title_fullStr | The role of deformation history on stress relaxation and stress memory of filled rubber |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of deformation history on stress relaxation and stress memory of filled rubber |
| title_short | The role of deformation history on stress relaxation and stress memory of filled rubber |
| title_sort | role of deformation history on stress relaxation and stress memory of filled rubber |
| topic | Viscoelasticity; Mullins effect; EPDM; Time-dependence; Stress memory; Stress relaxation |
| url | https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45407/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45407/ https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45407/ |