Combined Effect of Incentive Spirometry and Diaphragmatic Exercise on Respiratory Outcomes Post Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Literature Review

Background: Upper abdominal operations mainly cause respiratory complications because the incision across the abdominal region reflects in decreased diaphragmatic movement , e.g., atelectasis and pneumonia. Incentive spirometry (IS) and diaphragmatic breathing exercises (DBE) are the most employed...

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Main Authors: Christo Ajai, Siluvai S, Karishma, Chauhan, Jeffery, Samuel
Format: Article
Language:English
English
Published: INTI International University 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/
http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/2/670
http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/3/ij2025_06r.pdf
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author Christo Ajai, Siluvai S
Karishma, Chauhan
Jeffery, Samuel
author_facet Christo Ajai, Siluvai S
Karishma, Chauhan
Jeffery, Samuel
author_sort Christo Ajai, Siluvai S
building INTI Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Background: Upper abdominal operations mainly cause respiratory complications because the incision across the abdominal region reflects in decreased diaphragmatic movement , e.g., atelectasis and pneumonia. Incentive spirometry (IS) and diaphragmatic breathing exercises (DBE) are the most employed interventions to enhance lung function and minimize these complications. Although each of these has been demonstrated with positive results individually, their interactive effects on respiratory recovery after surgery are not fully understood. The present literature review investigates the synergy between IS and DBE in respiratory outcomes after upper abdominal surgery, particularly concerning lung volumes, oxygenation, and minimizing postoperative pulmonary complications. Objective: This review aims to evaluate the combined effect of incentive spirometry and diaphragmatic exercise on improving respiratory outcomes in individuals recovering from upper abdominal surgery. Methods: A web-based literature search was conducted using PubMed to identify studies on the combined effects of incentive spirometry and Diaphragmatic exercises. The search focused on their impact on peak expiratory flow rate, breathing patterns, and chest expansion in post-operative upper abdominal surgery patients. Titles and abstracts were screened, and relevant articles were included. Additionally, secondary searching was performed by reviewing reference lists for relevant citations. Result: The review suggests that incentive spirometry and diaphragmatic exercises impact Respiratory outcomes i.e. PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE, breathing patterns, and chest expansion. However, the combined approach appears more effective, as mean differences indicate. This highlights the potential benefits of integrating incentive spirometry and diaphragmatic exercises in postoperative care. Conclusion: The review indicates that incentive spirometry and diaphragmatic exercises enhance respiratory outcomes in individuals recovering from upper abdominal surgery.
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spelling intimal-21292025-07-23T06:21:21Z http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/ Combined Effect of Incentive Spirometry and Diaphragmatic Exercise on Respiratory Outcomes Post Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Literature Review Christo Ajai, Siluvai S Karishma, Chauhan Jeffery, Samuel Q Science (General) QP Physiology RD Surgery Background: Upper abdominal operations mainly cause respiratory complications because the incision across the abdominal region reflects in decreased diaphragmatic movement , e.g., atelectasis and pneumonia. Incentive spirometry (IS) and diaphragmatic breathing exercises (DBE) are the most employed interventions to enhance lung function and minimize these complications. Although each of these has been demonstrated with positive results individually, their interactive effects on respiratory recovery after surgery are not fully understood. The present literature review investigates the synergy between IS and DBE in respiratory outcomes after upper abdominal surgery, particularly concerning lung volumes, oxygenation, and minimizing postoperative pulmonary complications. Objective: This review aims to evaluate the combined effect of incentive spirometry and diaphragmatic exercise on improving respiratory outcomes in individuals recovering from upper abdominal surgery. Methods: A web-based literature search was conducted using PubMed to identify studies on the combined effects of incentive spirometry and Diaphragmatic exercises. The search focused on their impact on peak expiratory flow rate, breathing patterns, and chest expansion in post-operative upper abdominal surgery patients. Titles and abstracts were screened, and relevant articles were included. Additionally, secondary searching was performed by reviewing reference lists for relevant citations. Result: The review suggests that incentive spirometry and diaphragmatic exercises impact Respiratory outcomes i.e. PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE, breathing patterns, and chest expansion. However, the combined approach appears more effective, as mean differences indicate. This highlights the potential benefits of integrating incentive spirometry and diaphragmatic exercises in postoperative care. Conclusion: The review indicates that incentive spirometry and diaphragmatic exercises enhance respiratory outcomes in individuals recovering from upper abdominal surgery. INTI International University 2025-03 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_4 http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/2/670 text en cc_by_4 http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/3/ij2025_06r.pdf Christo Ajai, Siluvai S and Karishma, Chauhan and Jeffery, Samuel (2025) Combined Effect of Incentive Spirometry and Diaphragmatic Exercise on Respiratory Outcomes Post Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Literature Review. INTI JOURNAL, 2025 (06). pp. 1-8. ISSN e2600-7320 https://intijournal.intimal.edu.my
spellingShingle Q Science (General)
QP Physiology
RD Surgery
Christo Ajai, Siluvai S
Karishma, Chauhan
Jeffery, Samuel
Combined Effect of Incentive Spirometry and Diaphragmatic Exercise on Respiratory Outcomes Post Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Literature Review
title Combined Effect of Incentive Spirometry and Diaphragmatic Exercise on Respiratory Outcomes Post Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Literature Review
title_full Combined Effect of Incentive Spirometry and Diaphragmatic Exercise on Respiratory Outcomes Post Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Literature Review
title_fullStr Combined Effect of Incentive Spirometry and Diaphragmatic Exercise on Respiratory Outcomes Post Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed Combined Effect of Incentive Spirometry and Diaphragmatic Exercise on Respiratory Outcomes Post Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Literature Review
title_short Combined Effect of Incentive Spirometry and Diaphragmatic Exercise on Respiratory Outcomes Post Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Literature Review
title_sort combined effect of incentive spirometry and diaphragmatic exercise on respiratory outcomes post upper abdominal surgery: a literature review
topic Q Science (General)
QP Physiology
RD Surgery
url http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/
http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/
http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/2/670
http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/3/ij2025_06r.pdf