Combined Effect of Incentive Spirometry and Diaphragmatic Exercise on Respiratory Outcomes Post Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Literature Review
Background: Upper abdominal operations mainly cause respiratory complications because the incision across the abdominal region reflects in decreased diaphragmatic movement , e.g., atelectasis and pneumonia. Incentive spirometry (IS) and diaphragmatic breathing exercises (DBE) are the most employed...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
INTI International University
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/ http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/2/670 http://eprints.intimal.edu.my/2129/3/ij2025_06r.pdf |