Causality-Guided Explainable Deep-Learning Model for Managing Tunnel-Induced Ground Settlement Risks

The use of deep learning (DL) has been growing in tunnel-induced ground settlement risk modeling, eliminating the necessity for extensive prior risk management knowledge. Despite the success of deploying a DL model to predict risk, challenges prevail. (1) DL requires high-quality data, which is expe...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Liu, W., Liu, F., Love, Peter, Fang, W.
Format: Journal Article
Published: 2025
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/97516