Reliability and validity of an Arabic version of the dyspnea-12 questionnaire for Saudi nationals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
BACKGROUND: Dyspnea is a distressing symptom experienced by people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The dyspnea-12 (D-12) questionnaire comprises of 12 items and assesses the quality of this symptom, its severity and the emotional response. The original (English) version of the D-1...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Published: |
Medknow Publications
2015
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/8168 |