Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer of Cocoa Beans under Stepwise Drying Conditions in a Heat Pump Dryer
The present study investigated the kinetics of heat pump drying of cocoa beans under stepwise drying conditions and the heat and mass transfer analysis carried out using 3-D computer simulation. The fermented cocoa beans were subject to drying at constant temperature (56 C), step up temperature (30....
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
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Elsevier
2013
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/40832 |
| _version_ | 1848755976847491072 |
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| author | Hii, C. Law, C. Law, Ming |
| author_facet | Hii, C. Law, C. Law, Ming |
| author_sort | Hii, C. |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The present study investigated the kinetics of heat pump drying of cocoa beans under stepwise drying conditions and the heat and mass transfer analysis carried out using 3-D computer simulation. The fermented cocoa beans were subject to drying at constant temperature (56 C), step up temperature (30.7 Ce43.6Ce56.9 C) and step down temperature (54.9 Ce43.9 C) drying profiles. Shrinkage factor was incorporated into the heat and mass transfer models. Simulation results showed that the mean relative errors determined ranged from 3.1% to 12.1% in the predicted moisture ratio profiles in both models with and without shrinkage factor. In the bean temperature profiles, results showed excellent agreement between the predicted and experimental data with mean relative errors less than 5%. The present study showed that shrinkage played a lesser role in the analysis due to the small shrinkage ratio observed before and after drying. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T09:04:52Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-40832 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T09:04:52Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-408322017-09-13T14:04:51Z Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer of Cocoa Beans under Stepwise Drying Conditions in a Heat Pump Dryer Hii, C. Law, C. Law, Ming Cocoa drying heat transfer mass transfer simulation The present study investigated the kinetics of heat pump drying of cocoa beans under stepwise drying conditions and the heat and mass transfer analysis carried out using 3-D computer simulation. The fermented cocoa beans were subject to drying at constant temperature (56 C), step up temperature (30.7 Ce43.6Ce56.9 C) and step down temperature (54.9 Ce43.9 C) drying profiles. Shrinkage factor was incorporated into the heat and mass transfer models. Simulation results showed that the mean relative errors determined ranged from 3.1% to 12.1% in the predicted moisture ratio profiles in both models with and without shrinkage factor. In the bean temperature profiles, results showed excellent agreement between the predicted and experimental data with mean relative errors less than 5%. The present study showed that shrinkage played a lesser role in the analysis due to the small shrinkage ratio observed before and after drying. 2013 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/40832 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.02.010 Elsevier restricted |
| spellingShingle | Cocoa drying heat transfer mass transfer simulation Hii, C. Law, C. Law, Ming Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer of Cocoa Beans under Stepwise Drying Conditions in a Heat Pump Dryer |
| title | Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer of Cocoa Beans under Stepwise Drying Conditions in a Heat Pump Dryer |
| title_full | Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer of Cocoa Beans under Stepwise Drying Conditions in a Heat Pump Dryer |
| title_fullStr | Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer of Cocoa Beans under Stepwise Drying Conditions in a Heat Pump Dryer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer of Cocoa Beans under Stepwise Drying Conditions in a Heat Pump Dryer |
| title_short | Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer of Cocoa Beans under Stepwise Drying Conditions in a Heat Pump Dryer |
| title_sort | simulation of heat and mass transfer of cocoa beans under stepwise drying conditions in a heat pump dryer |
| topic | Cocoa drying heat transfer mass transfer simulation |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/40832 |