Investigation of deactivation mechanisms of a solid acid catalyst during esterification of the bio-oils from mallee biomass

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Investigation of deactivation mechanisms of a solid acid catalyst during esterification of the bio-oils from mallee biomass

This study reports the deactivation mechanisms of the solid acid catalyst Amberlyst 70 during the esterification of bio-oils from mallee biomass and the methods for catalyst regeneration. The metal ions in bio-oil deactivated Amberlyst 70 via ion exchange with the hydrogen ions on/in catalyst, which...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Hu, Xun, Lievens, Caroline, Mourant, Daniel, Wang, Yi, Wu, Liping, Gunawan, Richard, Song, Yao, Li, Chun-Zhu
Format:	Journal Article
Published:	Elsevier 2013
Subjects:	Polymer Metal ions Bio-oil esterification Catalyst deactivation and regeneration Ion exchange
Online Access:	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/35416

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