Quantification of passivation layer growth in inert anodes for molten salt electrochemistry by in situ energy-dispersive diffraction

An in situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction experiment was undertaken on operational titanium electrowinning cells to observe the formation of rutile (TiO2) passivation layers on Magnéli-phase (TinO2n-1; n = 4-6) anodes and thus determine the relationship between passivation layer formation and e...

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Main Authors: Rowles, Matthew, Styles, M., Madsen, I., Scarlett, N., McGregor, K., Riley, D., Snook, G., Urban, A., Connolley, T., Reinhard, C.
Format: Journal Article
Published: IUCr Journals 2012
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/25298
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author Rowles, Matthew
Styles, M.
Madsen, I.
Scarlett, N.
McGregor, K.
Riley, D.
Snook, G.
Urban, A.
Connolley, T.
Reinhard, C.
author_facet Rowles, Matthew
Styles, M.
Madsen, I.
Scarlett, N.
McGregor, K.
Riley, D.
Snook, G.
Urban, A.
Connolley, T.
Reinhard, C.
author_sort Rowles, Matthew
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description An in situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction experiment was undertaken on operational titanium electrowinning cells to observe the formation of rutile (TiO2) passivation layers on Magnéli-phase (TinO2n-1; n = 4-6) anodes and thus determine the relationship between passivation layer formation and electrolysis time. Quantitative phase analysis of the energy-dispersive data was undertaken using a crystal-structure-based Rietveld refinement. Layer formation was successfully observed and it was found that the rate of increase in layer thickness decreased with time, rather than remaining constant as observed in previous studies. The limiting step in rutile formation is thought to be the rate of solid-state diffusion of oxygen within the anode structure.
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institution Curtin University Malaysia
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publishDate 2012
publisher IUCr Journals
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-252982018-10-01T01:56:37Z Quantification of passivation layer growth in inert anodes for molten salt electrochemistry by in situ energy-dispersive diffraction Rowles, Matthew Styles, M. Madsen, I. Scarlett, N. McGregor, K. Riley, D. Snook, G. Urban, A. Connolley, T. Reinhard, C. in situ energy-dispersive diffraction electrolysis Rietveld refinement An in situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction experiment was undertaken on operational titanium electrowinning cells to observe the formation of rutile (TiO2) passivation layers on Magnéli-phase (TinO2n-1; n = 4-6) anodes and thus determine the relationship between passivation layer formation and electrolysis time. Quantitative phase analysis of the energy-dispersive data was undertaken using a crystal-structure-based Rietveld refinement. Layer formation was successfully observed and it was found that the rate of increase in layer thickness decreased with time, rather than remaining constant as observed in previous studies. The limiting step in rutile formation is thought to be the rate of solid-state diffusion of oxygen within the anode structure. 2012 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/25298 10.1107/S0021889811044104 IUCr Journals fulltext
spellingShingle in situ energy-dispersive diffraction
electrolysis
Rietveld refinement
Rowles, Matthew
Styles, M.
Madsen, I.
Scarlett, N.
McGregor, K.
Riley, D.
Snook, G.
Urban, A.
Connolley, T.
Reinhard, C.
Quantification of passivation layer growth in inert anodes for molten salt electrochemistry by in situ energy-dispersive diffraction
title Quantification of passivation layer growth in inert anodes for molten salt electrochemistry by in situ energy-dispersive diffraction
title_full Quantification of passivation layer growth in inert anodes for molten salt electrochemistry by in situ energy-dispersive diffraction
title_fullStr Quantification of passivation layer growth in inert anodes for molten salt electrochemistry by in situ energy-dispersive diffraction
title_full_unstemmed Quantification of passivation layer growth in inert anodes for molten salt electrochemistry by in situ energy-dispersive diffraction
title_short Quantification of passivation layer growth in inert anodes for molten salt electrochemistry by in situ energy-dispersive diffraction
title_sort quantification of passivation layer growth in inert anodes for molten salt electrochemistry by in situ energy-dispersive diffraction
topic in situ energy-dispersive diffraction
electrolysis
Rietveld refinement
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/25298