Predicting the parasite killing effect of artemisinin combination therapy in a murine malaria model

Objectives: To develop a mechanism-based model that describes the time course of the malaria parasite in infected mice receiving a combination therapy regimen of dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine. Methods: Total parasite density–time data from Swiss mice inoculated with Plasmodium berghei were used...

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Main Authors: Patel, K., Batty, Kevin, Moore, Brioni, Gibbons, Peter, Kirkpatrick, C.
Format: Journal Article
Published: Oxford University Press 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/24949
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author Patel, K.
Batty, Kevin
Moore, Brioni
Gibbons, Peter
Kirkpatrick, C.
author_facet Patel, K.
Batty, Kevin
Moore, Brioni
Gibbons, Peter
Kirkpatrick, C.
author_sort Patel, K.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Objectives: To develop a mechanism-based model that describes the time course of the malaria parasite in infected mice receiving a combination therapy regimen of dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine. Methods: Total parasite density–time data from Swiss mice inoculated with Plasmodium berghei were used for the development of population models in S-ADAPT. The mice were administered a single intraperitoneal dose of 30 mg/kg dihydroartemisinin, 10 mg/kg piperaquine phosphate or a combination of both antimalarials at 64 h post-inoculation. In a separate study, mice received multiple dihydroartemisinin doses (5×10 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg dihydroartemisinin followed by two 10 mg/kg doses). Parasite recrudescence after treatment was defined using a model that incorporated each erythrocytic stage of the P. berghei life cycle. Results: The disposition of dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine was described by a one-compartment and two-compartment model, respectively. The estimated clearance was 1.95 L/h for dihydroartemisinin and 0.109 L/h for piperaquine. A turnover model described the parasite killing curve after single-agent dosing, with an estimated mean IC50 of 0.747 µg/L for dihydroartemisinin and 16.8 µg/L for piperaquine. In addition, the rate of parasite killing by dihydroartemisinin was almost 50-fold faster than for piperaquine. Parameters from the monotherapy models adequately described the parasite density–time curve following dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine combination therapy or multiple-dose regimens of dihydroartemisinin. Conclusions: This study has developed mechanistic models that describe the parasite–time curve after single, multiple or combination dosing of antimalarials to mice. These structural models have potential application for pre-clinical investigations to design and refine artemisinin-based combination therapy dosage regimens.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-249492017-09-13T15:12:59Z Predicting the parasite killing effect of artemisinin combination therapy in a murine malaria model Patel, K. Batty, Kevin Moore, Brioni Gibbons, Peter Kirkpatrick, C. piperaquine mechanism-based modelling population pharmacodynamics dihydroartemisinin Plasmodium berghei Objectives: To develop a mechanism-based model that describes the time course of the malaria parasite in infected mice receiving a combination therapy regimen of dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine. Methods: Total parasite density–time data from Swiss mice inoculated with Plasmodium berghei were used for the development of population models in S-ADAPT. The mice were administered a single intraperitoneal dose of 30 mg/kg dihydroartemisinin, 10 mg/kg piperaquine phosphate or a combination of both antimalarials at 64 h post-inoculation. In a separate study, mice received multiple dihydroartemisinin doses (5×10 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg dihydroartemisinin followed by two 10 mg/kg doses). Parasite recrudescence after treatment was defined using a model that incorporated each erythrocytic stage of the P. berghei life cycle. Results: The disposition of dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine was described by a one-compartment and two-compartment model, respectively. The estimated clearance was 1.95 L/h for dihydroartemisinin and 0.109 L/h for piperaquine. A turnover model described the parasite killing curve after single-agent dosing, with an estimated mean IC50 of 0.747 µg/L for dihydroartemisinin and 16.8 µg/L for piperaquine. In addition, the rate of parasite killing by dihydroartemisinin was almost 50-fold faster than for piperaquine. Parameters from the monotherapy models adequately described the parasite density–time curve following dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine combination therapy or multiple-dose regimens of dihydroartemisinin. Conclusions: This study has developed mechanistic models that describe the parasite–time curve after single, multiple or combination dosing of antimalarials to mice. These structural models have potential application for pre-clinical investigations to design and refine artemisinin-based combination therapy dosage regimens. 2014 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/24949 10.1093/jac/dku120 Oxford University Press unknown
spellingShingle piperaquine
mechanism-based modelling
population pharmacodynamics
dihydroartemisinin
Plasmodium berghei
Patel, K.
Batty, Kevin
Moore, Brioni
Gibbons, Peter
Kirkpatrick, C.
Predicting the parasite killing effect of artemisinin combination therapy in a murine malaria model
title Predicting the parasite killing effect of artemisinin combination therapy in a murine malaria model
title_full Predicting the parasite killing effect of artemisinin combination therapy in a murine malaria model
title_fullStr Predicting the parasite killing effect of artemisinin combination therapy in a murine malaria model
title_full_unstemmed Predicting the parasite killing effect of artemisinin combination therapy in a murine malaria model
title_short Predicting the parasite killing effect of artemisinin combination therapy in a murine malaria model
title_sort predicting the parasite killing effect of artemisinin combination therapy in a murine malaria model
topic piperaquine
mechanism-based modelling
population pharmacodynamics
dihydroartemisinin
Plasmodium berghei
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/24949