Quantum estimation of impurity effect for KDP crystal growth

Many researchers have studied the impurity effect, which usually prevents step propagation of crystal surface. However, this effect has never been analyzed quantum-theoretically. Four aspects of impurity effect by metal ion for KDP crystal were investigated in this study by using Gaussian software a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Asakuma, Y., Jee, L., Nishimura, M., Ang, Ming, Tade, Moses, Maeda, K., Fukui, K.
Format: Journal Article
Published: Elsevier 2008
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/14223