Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration

Rapidly rising trends of fuel consumption indicate enormous energy crisis of global proportions in near future. Following the trend, Malaysia's fuel consumption has been increasing by an annual rate of 7.2 since 1990 and has even reached 44.9 Mtoe in 2008. It is forecasted to reach 207.3 Mtoe b...

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Main Authors:	Islam, A.B.M., Jameel, Mohammed, Jumaat, M.Z., Shirazi, S.M., Salman, Firas A.
Format:	Article
Published:	2012
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/7292/ http://eprints.um.edu.my/7292/1/Islam%2D2012%2DReview_of_offshore_e.pdf

id	um-7292
recordtype	eprints
spelling	um-72922017-10-04T07:17:36Z Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration Islam, A.B.M. Jameel, Mohammed Jumaat, M.Z. Shirazi, S.M. Salman, Firas A. TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Rapidly rising trends of fuel consumption indicate enormous energy crisis of global proportions in near future. Following the trend, Malaysia's fuel consumption has been increasing by an annual rate of 7.2 since 1990 and has even reached 44.9 Mtoe in 2008. It is forecasted to reach 207.3 Mtoe by the year 2030. Due to serious depletion of reserves in various onshore locations, the exploration process is expanded to offshore deeper waters. Seven sedimentary basins belonging to Malaysia, in South China Sea, show great promise to be excellent sources of hydrocarbons. For deep-sea exploration fixed offshore structures are not feasible. An economical alternative is Spar platforms, which are floating structures ideal for exploration of deep water deposits. In this research, Malaysian experience in offshore hydrocarbon exploration is investigated. Various kinds of operational Spar platforms are censoriously explored and their recent technical developments are reviewed. The study reveals that Malaysia's primary energy requirements were met (in year 2008) with natural gas by 43.4 of the total, crude oil by 38.2, coal by 15.3 and hydropower by 3.1; indicating evidently that natural gas and crude oil are still the predominant energy sources. Out of the total energy, around 70 oil and 85 natural gas come from offshore fields. These large figures highlight the necessity to consider economically viable alternatives. Spar platform is an innovative marine structure designed to conduct such deep sea explorations. First commissioned Spar at Kikeh field of Malaysia is testimony to immense potential and possibilities of incorporating Spar platforms in the country's deep reserves for sustainable energy generation. Classic Spar, Truss Spar, Cell Spar and Cell-truss Spar are identified to be well suited for these environments. Since the offshore fields are located at waters with more than 1000 m depth, Spar platforms can be successfully installed at these Malaysian deep water fields. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 2012 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf http://eprints.um.edu.my/7292/1/Islam%2D2012%2DReview_of_offshore_e.pdf Islam, A.B.M.; Jameel, Mohammed; Jumaat, M.Z.; Shirazi, S.M.; Salman, Firas A. (2012) Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews <http://eprints.um.edu.my/view/publication/Renewable_and_Sustainable_Energy_Reviews.html>, 16 (8). pp. 6268-6284. ISSN 1364-0321 http://eprints.um.edu.my/7292/
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	University Malaya
building	UM Research Repository
collection	Online Access
topic	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Islam, A.B.M. Jameel, Mohammed Jumaat, M.Z. Shirazi, S.M. Salman, Firas A. Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration
description	Rapidly rising trends of fuel consumption indicate enormous energy crisis of global proportions in near future. Following the trend, Malaysia's fuel consumption has been increasing by an annual rate of 7.2 since 1990 and has even reached 44.9 Mtoe in 2008. It is forecasted to reach 207.3 Mtoe by the year 2030. Due to serious depletion of reserves in various onshore locations, the exploration process is expanded to offshore deeper waters. Seven sedimentary basins belonging to Malaysia, in South China Sea, show great promise to be excellent sources of hydrocarbons. For deep-sea exploration fixed offshore structures are not feasible. An economical alternative is Spar platforms, which are floating structures ideal for exploration of deep water deposits. In this research, Malaysian experience in offshore hydrocarbon exploration is investigated. Various kinds of operational Spar platforms are censoriously explored and their recent technical developments are reviewed. The study reveals that Malaysia's primary energy requirements were met (in year 2008) with natural gas by 43.4 of the total, crude oil by 38.2, coal by 15.3 and hydropower by 3.1; indicating evidently that natural gas and crude oil are still the predominant energy sources. Out of the total energy, around 70 oil and 85 natural gas come from offshore fields. These large figures highlight the necessity to consider economically viable alternatives. Spar platform is an innovative marine structure designed to conduct such deep sea explorations. First commissioned Spar at Kikeh field of Malaysia is testimony to immense potential and possibilities of incorporating Spar platforms in the country's deep reserves for sustainable energy generation. Classic Spar, Truss Spar, Cell Spar and Cell-truss Spar are identified to be well suited for these environments. Since the offshore fields are located at waters with more than 1000 m depth, Spar platforms can be successfully installed at these Malaysian deep water fields. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
format	Article
author	Islam, A.B.M. Jameel, Mohammed Jumaat, M.Z. Shirazi, S.M. Salman, Firas A.
author_facet	Islam, A.B.M. Jameel, Mohammed Jumaat, M.Z. Shirazi, S.M. Salman, Firas A.
author_sort	Islam, A.B.M.
title	Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration
title_short	Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration
title_full	Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration
title_fullStr	Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration
title_full_unstemmed	Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration
title_sort	review of offshore energy in malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration
publishDate	2012
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/7292/ http://eprints.um.edu.my/7292/1/Islam%2D2012%2DReview_of_offshore_e.pdf
first_indexed	2018-09-06T05:25:23Z
last_indexed	2018-09-06T05:25:23Z
_version_	1610834534999261184

Review of offshore energy in Malaysia and floating spar platform for sustainable exploration

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