Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study

Background: The onset of bipolar disorder is influenced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. We previously found that a large increase in sunlight in springtime was associated with a lower age of onset. This study extends this analysis with more collection sites at diverse locati...

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Main Authors:	Bauer, M., Glenn, T., Alda, M., Andreassen, O.A., Angelopoulos, E., Ardau, R., Baethge, C., Bauer, R., Bellivier, F., Belmaker, R.H., Hatim, A.
Format:	Article
Published:	2014
Subjects:	BF Psychology R Medicine
Online Access:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032714003279 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032714003279 http://eprints.um.edu.my/10968/1/Relationship_between_sunlight_and_the_age_of_onset.pdf

id	um-10968
recordtype	eprints
spelling	um-109682014-07-18T00:17:52Z Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study Bauer, M. Glenn, T. Alda, M. Andreassen, O.A. Angelopoulos, E. Ardau, R. Baethge, C. Bauer, R. Bellivier, F. Belmaker, R.H. Hatim, A. BF Psychology R Medicine Background: The onset of bipolar disorder is influenced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. We previously found that a large increase in sunlight in springtime was associated with a lower age of onset. This study extends this analysis with more collection sites at diverse locations, and includes family history and polarity of first episode. Methods: Data from 4037 patients with bipolar I disorder were collected at 36 collection sites in 23 countries at latitudes spanning 3.2 north (N) to 63.4 N and 38.2 south (S) of the equator. The age of onset of the first episode, onset location, family history of mood disorders, and polarity of first episode were obtained retrospectively, from patient records and/or direct interview. Solar insolation data were obtained for the onset locations. Results: There was a large, significant inverse relationship between maximum monthly increase in solar insolation and age of onset, controlling for the country median age and the birth cohort. The effect was reduced by half if there was no family history. The maximum monthly increase in solar insolation occurred in springtime. The effect was one-third smaller for initial episodes of mania than depression. The largest maximum monthly increase in solar insolation occurred in northern latitudes such as Oslo, Norway, and warm and dry areas such as Los Angeles, California. Limitations: Recall bias for onset and family history data. Conclusions: A large springtime increase in sunlight may have an important influence on the onset of bipolar disorder, especially in those with a family history of mood disorders. 2014 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf http://eprints.um.edu.my/10968/1/Relationship_between_sunlight_and_the_age_of_onset.pdf http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032714003279 Bauer, M.; Glenn, T.; Alda, M.; Andreassen, O.A.; Angelopoulos, E.; Ardau, R.; Baethge, C.; Bauer, R.; Bellivier, F.; Belmaker, R.H.; Hatim, A. (2014) Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study. Journal of Affective Disorders <http://eprints.um.edu.my/view/publication/Journal_of_Affective_Disorders.html>, 167. pp. 104-111. ISSN 0165-0327 http://eprints.um.edu.my/10968/
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	University Malaya
building	UM Research Repository
collection	Online Access
topic	BF Psychology R Medicine
spellingShingle	BF Psychology R Medicine Bauer, M. Glenn, T. Alda, M. Andreassen, O.A. Angelopoulos, E. Ardau, R. Baethge, C. Bauer, R. Bellivier, F. Belmaker, R.H. Hatim, A. Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study
description	Background: The onset of bipolar disorder is influenced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. We previously found that a large increase in sunlight in springtime was associated with a lower age of onset. This study extends this analysis with more collection sites at diverse locations, and includes family history and polarity of first episode. Methods: Data from 4037 patients with bipolar I disorder were collected at 36 collection sites in 23 countries at latitudes spanning 3.2 north (N) to 63.4 N and 38.2 south (S) of the equator. The age of onset of the first episode, onset location, family history of mood disorders, and polarity of first episode were obtained retrospectively, from patient records and/or direct interview. Solar insolation data were obtained for the onset locations. Results: There was a large, significant inverse relationship between maximum monthly increase in solar insolation and age of onset, controlling for the country median age and the birth cohort. The effect was reduced by half if there was no family history. The maximum monthly increase in solar insolation occurred in springtime. The effect was one-third smaller for initial episodes of mania than depression. The largest maximum monthly increase in solar insolation occurred in northern latitudes such as Oslo, Norway, and warm and dry areas such as Los Angeles, California. Limitations: Recall bias for onset and family history data. Conclusions: A large springtime increase in sunlight may have an important influence on the onset of bipolar disorder, especially in those with a family history of mood disorders.
format	Article
author	Bauer, M. Glenn, T. Alda, M. Andreassen, O.A. Angelopoulos, E. Ardau, R. Baethge, C. Bauer, R. Bellivier, F. Belmaker, R.H. Hatim, A.
author_facet	Bauer, M. Glenn, T. Alda, M. Andreassen, O.A. Angelopoulos, E. Ardau, R. Baethge, C. Bauer, R. Bellivier, F. Belmaker, R.H. Hatim, A.
author_sort	Bauer, M.
title	Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study
title_short	Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study
title_full	Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study
title_fullStr	Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study
title_full_unstemmed	Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study
title_sort	relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: an international multisite study
publishDate	2014
url	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032714003279 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032714003279 http://eprints.um.edu.my/10968/1/Relationship_between_sunlight_and_the_age_of_onset.pdf
first_indexed	2018-09-06T05:54:38Z
last_indexed	2018-09-06T05:54:38Z
_version_	1610836374654550016

Relationship between sunlight and the age of onset of bipolar disorder: An international multisite study

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