Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) to permethrin in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Background: Insects control using insecticides is used extensively and intensively in vector control programs in many countries including Malaysia. Because of this, mosquito species have been found to develop various levels of resistance towards these insecticides, leading to failure in vector contr...

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Main Authors:	Wan-Norafikah, O., Nazni, W.A., Lee, H.L., Zainol-Ariffin, P., Sofian-Azirun, M.
Format:	Article
Published:	2013
Subjects:	QH301 Biology
Online Access:	http://eprints.um.edu.my/10950/

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recordtype	eprints
spelling	um-109502014-07-14T00:16:02Z Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) to permethrin in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Wan-Norafikah, O. Nazni, W.A. Lee, H.L. Zainol-Ariffin, P. Sofian-Azirun, M. QH301 Biology Background: Insects control using insecticides is used extensively and intensively in vector control programs in many countries including Malaysia. Because of this, mosquito species have been found to develop various levels of resistance towards these insecticides, leading to failure in vector control activities. Objectives: We determined permethrin resistance status in laboratory susceptible, permethrin-selected, and field strains of Aedes albopictus. Methods: The susceptibility status of laboratory susceptible strain, permethrin-selected strain, and four field strains of Aedes albopictus collected from Kuala Lumpur were determined using three standard laboratory tests, WHO larval bioassay, WHO adult mosquito bioassay, and microassay of mixed function oxidases (MFOs). Results: The LC50 values of permethrin-selected strain and field strains obtained from the WHO larval bioassay were almost two times higher (0.38-0.44 mg/L) than the LC50 value of the laboratory strain (0.20 mg/L). In the WHO adult bioassay, the susceptibility of permethrin-exposed of both permethrin-selected strain, and field strains (LT50 = 19.39 to 20.65 min) were reduced for 1.31 to 1.72 times after been exposed to the synergist, piperonyl butoxide (PBO) prior to permethrin. Complete mortalities were also recorded in both permethrin-exposed and PBO + permethrin-exposed Ae. albopictus of all strains, twenty-four hours post-exposure. For the MFOs enzyme microassay, a significant difference (p <0.05) in the mean absorbance of elevated oxidase activity at 630 nm was observed between all strains of both the non-exposed and PBO-exposed Ae. albopictus. Strong and significant positive correlations were also observed between LT50 values of permethrin-exposed and PBO + permethrinexposed with oxidase level in Ae. albopictus tested (r = 0.943; p <0.05). Conclusion: These results indicate the association of oxidase activity with permethrin resistance development in Ae. albopictus. 2013 Article PeerReviewed Wan-Norafikah, O.; Nazni, W.A.; Lee, H.L.; Zainol-Ariffin, P.; Sofian-Azirun, M. (2013) Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) to permethrin in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Asian Biomedicine <http://eprints.um.edu.my/view/publication/Asian_Biomedicine.html>, 7 (1). pp. 51-62. ISSN 1905-7415 http://eprints.um.edu.my/10950/
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	University Malaya
building	UM Research Repository
collection	Online Access
topic	QH301 Biology
spellingShingle	QH301 Biology Wan-Norafikah, O. Nazni, W.A. Lee, H.L. Zainol-Ariffin, P. Sofian-Azirun, M. Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) to permethrin in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
description	Background: Insects control using insecticides is used extensively and intensively in vector control programs in many countries including Malaysia. Because of this, mosquito species have been found to develop various levels of resistance towards these insecticides, leading to failure in vector control activities. Objectives: We determined permethrin resistance status in laboratory susceptible, permethrin-selected, and field strains of Aedes albopictus. Methods: The susceptibility status of laboratory susceptible strain, permethrin-selected strain, and four field strains of Aedes albopictus collected from Kuala Lumpur were determined using three standard laboratory tests, WHO larval bioassay, WHO adult mosquito bioassay, and microassay of mixed function oxidases (MFOs). Results: The LC50 values of permethrin-selected strain and field strains obtained from the WHO larval bioassay were almost two times higher (0.38-0.44 mg/L) than the LC50 value of the laboratory strain (0.20 mg/L). In the WHO adult bioassay, the susceptibility of permethrin-exposed of both permethrin-selected strain, and field strains (LT50 = 19.39 to 20.65 min) were reduced for 1.31 to 1.72 times after been exposed to the synergist, piperonyl butoxide (PBO) prior to permethrin. Complete mortalities were also recorded in both permethrin-exposed and PBO + permethrin-exposed Ae. albopictus of all strains, twenty-four hours post-exposure. For the MFOs enzyme microassay, a significant difference (p <0.05) in the mean absorbance of elevated oxidase activity at 630 nm was observed between all strains of both the non-exposed and PBO-exposed Ae. albopictus. Strong and significant positive correlations were also observed between LT50 values of permethrin-exposed and PBO + permethrinexposed with oxidase level in Ae. albopictus tested (r = 0.943; p <0.05). Conclusion: These results indicate the association of oxidase activity with permethrin resistance development in Ae. albopictus.
format	Article
author	Wan-Norafikah, O. Nazni, W.A. Lee, H.L. Zainol-Ariffin, P. Sofian-Azirun, M.
author_facet	Wan-Norafikah, O. Nazni, W.A. Lee, H.L. Zainol-Ariffin, P. Sofian-Azirun, M.
author_sort	Wan-Norafikah, O.
title	Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) to permethrin in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
title_short	Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) to permethrin in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
title_full	Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) to permethrin in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
title_fullStr	Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) to permethrin in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) to permethrin in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
title_sort	susceptibility of aedes albopictus skuse (diptera: culicidae) to permethrin in kuala lumpur, malaysia
publishDate	2013
url	http://eprints.um.edu.my/10950/
first_indexed	2018-09-06T05:54:28Z
last_indexed	2018-09-06T05:54:28Z
_version_	1610836364627017728

Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus skuse (Diptera: Culicidae) to permethrin in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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