Immunity, immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis

This review examines the immunity, immunopathology, and contemporary problems of vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis. Despite improved surveillance and treatment initiatives, the incidence of C. trachomatis infection has increased dramatically over the past 30 year...

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Main Authors:	Rey-Ladino, Jose, Ross, Allen GP, Cripps, Allan W
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Taylor & Francis 2014
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4977452/

id	pubmed-4977452
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-49774522016-08-31 Immunity, immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis Rey-Ladino, Jose Ross, Allen GP Cripps, Allan W Review This review examines the immunity, immunopathology, and contemporary problems of vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis. Despite improved surveillance and treatment initiatives, the incidence of C. trachomatis infection has increased dramatically over the past 30 years in both the developed and developing world. Studies in animal models have shown that protective immunity to C. trachomatis is largely mediated by Th1 T cells producing IFN-γ which is needed to prevent dissemination of infection. Similar protection appears to develop in humans but in contrast to mice, immunity in humans may take years to develop. Animal studies and evidence from human infection indicate that immunity to C. trachomatis is accompanied by significant pathology in the upper genital tract. Although no credible evidence is currently available to indicate that autoimmunity plays a role, nevertheless, this underscores the necessity to design vaccines strictly based on chlamydial-specific antigens and to avoid those displaying even minimal sequence homologies with host molecules. Current advances in C. trachomatis vaccine development as well as alternatives for designing new vaccines for this disease are discussed. A novel approach for chlamydia vaccine development, based on targeting endogenous dendritic cells, is described. Taylor & Francis 2014-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4977452/ /pubmed/25483666 http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/hv.29683 Text en © 2014 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Rey-Ladino, Jose Ross, Allen GP Cripps, Allan W
spellingShingle	Rey-Ladino, Jose Ross, Allen GP Cripps, Allan W Immunity, immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis
author_facet	Rey-Ladino, Jose Ross, Allen GP Cripps, Allan W
author_sort	Rey-Ladino, Jose
title	Immunity, immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis
title_short	Immunity, immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis
title_full	Immunity, immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis
title_fullStr	Immunity, immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis
title_full_unstemmed	Immunity, immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis
title_sort	immunity, immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted chlamydia trachomatis
description	This review examines the immunity, immunopathology, and contemporary problems of vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis. Despite improved surveillance and treatment initiatives, the incidence of C. trachomatis infection has increased dramatically over the past 30 years in both the developed and developing world. Studies in animal models have shown that protective immunity to C. trachomatis is largely mediated by Th1 T cells producing IFN-γ which is needed to prevent dissemination of infection. Similar protection appears to develop in humans but in contrast to mice, immunity in humans may take years to develop. Animal studies and evidence from human infection indicate that immunity to C. trachomatis is accompanied by significant pathology in the upper genital tract. Although no credible evidence is currently available to indicate that autoimmunity plays a role, nevertheless, this underscores the necessity to design vaccines strictly based on chlamydial-specific antigens and to avoid those displaying even minimal sequence homologies with host molecules. Current advances in C. trachomatis vaccine development as well as alternatives for designing new vaccines for this disease are discussed. A novel approach for chlamydia vaccine development, based on targeting endogenous dendritic cells, is described.
publisher	Taylor & Francis
publishDate	2014
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4977452/
_version_	1613623696714366976

Immunity, immunopathology, and human vaccine development against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis

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