Vaccination sequence effects on immunological response and tissue bacterial burden in paratuberculosis infection in a rabbit model

Paratuberculosis (PTB), a chronic granulomatous enteritis produced by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is considered as one of the diseases with the highest economic impact in the ruminant industry. Vaccination against MAP is recommended during the first months after birth on t...

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Main Authors:	Arrazuria, Rakel, Molina, Elena, Garrido, Joseba M., Pérez, Valentín, Juste, Ramón A., Elguezabal, Natalia
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	BioMed Central 2016
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4975891/

id	pubmed-4975891
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-49758912016-08-07 Vaccination sequence effects on immunological response and tissue bacterial burden in paratuberculosis infection in a rabbit model Arrazuria, Rakel Molina, Elena Garrido, Joseba M. Pérez, Valentín Juste, Ramón A. Elguezabal, Natalia Research Article Paratuberculosis (PTB), a chronic granulomatous enteritis produced by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is considered as one of the diseases with the highest economic impact in the ruminant industry. Vaccination against MAP is recommended during the first months after birth on the basis that protection would be conferred before the first contact with mycobacteria. However, little is known about the therapeutic effect of MAP vaccination in controlled experimental conditions. The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination before and after challenge with MAP in a rabbit infection model. The rabbits were divided into four groups: non-infected control (NIC, n = 4), infected control challenged with MAP (IC, n = 5), vaccinated and challenged 1 month after with MAP (VSI, n = 5) and challenged with MAP and vaccinated 2 months later (IVS, n = 5). The results from this study show a quick increase in IFN-γ release upon stimulation with bovine, avian and johnin PPD in animals vaccinated before MAP challenge. All vaccinated animals show an increased humoral response as seen by western blot and ELISA. The final bacteriology index (considering tissue culture and qPCR) shows that the IC group was the most affected. Vaccination after infection (IVS) produced the lowest bacteriology index showing significant differences with the IC group (p = 0.034). In conclusion, vaccination against MAP shows positive effects in a rabbit model. However, vaccination after infection shows a slightly stronger protective effect compared to vaccination before infection, suggesting a therapeutic effect. This feature could be applied to previously infected adult animals under field conditions. BioMed Central 2016-08-05 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC4975891/ /pubmed/27496043 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13567-016-0360-y Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Arrazuria, Rakel Molina, Elena Garrido, Joseba M. Pérez, Valentín Juste, Ramón A. Elguezabal, Natalia
spellingShingle	Arrazuria, Rakel Molina, Elena Garrido, Joseba M. Pérez, Valentín Juste, Ramón A. Elguezabal, Natalia Vaccination sequence effects on immunological response and tissue bacterial burden in paratuberculosis infection in a rabbit model
author_facet	Arrazuria, Rakel Molina, Elena Garrido, Joseba M. Pérez, Valentín Juste, Ramón A. Elguezabal, Natalia
author_sort	Arrazuria, Rakel
title	Vaccination sequence effects on immunological response and tissue bacterial burden in paratuberculosis infection in a rabbit model
title_short	Vaccination sequence effects on immunological response and tissue bacterial burden in paratuberculosis infection in a rabbit model
title_full	Vaccination sequence effects on immunological response and tissue bacterial burden in paratuberculosis infection in a rabbit model
title_fullStr	Vaccination sequence effects on immunological response and tissue bacterial burden in paratuberculosis infection in a rabbit model
title_full_unstemmed	Vaccination sequence effects on immunological response and tissue bacterial burden in paratuberculosis infection in a rabbit model
title_sort	vaccination sequence effects on immunological response and tissue bacterial burden in paratuberculosis infection in a rabbit model
description	Paratuberculosis (PTB), a chronic granulomatous enteritis produced by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is considered as one of the diseases with the highest economic impact in the ruminant industry. Vaccination against MAP is recommended during the first months after birth on the basis that protection would be conferred before the first contact with mycobacteria. However, little is known about the therapeutic effect of MAP vaccination in controlled experimental conditions. The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination before and after challenge with MAP in a rabbit infection model. The rabbits were divided into four groups: non-infected control (NIC, n = 4), infected control challenged with MAP (IC, n = 5), vaccinated and challenged 1 month after with MAP (VSI, n = 5) and challenged with MAP and vaccinated 2 months later (IVS, n = 5). The results from this study show a quick increase in IFN-γ release upon stimulation with bovine, avian and johnin PPD in animals vaccinated before MAP challenge. All vaccinated animals show an increased humoral response as seen by western blot and ELISA. The final bacteriology index (considering tissue culture and qPCR) shows that the IC group was the most affected. Vaccination after infection (IVS) produced the lowest bacteriology index showing significant differences with the IC group (p = 0.034). In conclusion, vaccination against MAP shows positive effects in a rabbit model. However, vaccination after infection shows a slightly stronger protective effect compared to vaccination before infection, suggesting a therapeutic effect. This feature could be applied to previously infected adult animals under field conditions.
publisher	BioMed Central
publishDate	2016
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4975891/
_version_	1613622800762798080

Vaccination sequence effects on immunological response and tissue bacterial burden in paratuberculosis infection in a rabbit model

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