Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics

A Bayesian technique with analyses of within-person processes at the level of the individual is presented. The approach is used to examine whether the patterns of within-person responses on a 12-trial simulation task are consistent with the predictions of ITA theory (Dweck, 1999). ITA theory states...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Cripps, Edward, Wood, Robert E., Beckmann, Nadin, Lau, John, Beckmann, Jens F., Cripps, Sally Ann
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4949490/

id	pubmed-4949490
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-49494902016-08-02 Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics Cripps, Edward Wood, Robert E. Beckmann, Nadin Lau, John Beckmann, Jens F. Cripps, Sally Ann Psychology A Bayesian technique with analyses of within-person processes at the level of the individual is presented. The approach is used to examine whether the patterns of within-person responses on a 12-trial simulation task are consistent with the predictions of ITA theory (Dweck, 1999). ITA theory states that the performance of an individual with an entity theory of ability is more likely to spiral down following a failure experience than the performance of an individual with an incremental theory of ability. This is because entity theorists interpret failure experiences as evidence of a lack of ability which they believe is largely innate and therefore relatively fixed; whilst incremental theorists believe in the malleability of abilities and interpret failure experiences as evidence of more controllable factors such as poor strategy or lack of effort. The results of our analyses support ITA theory at both the within- and between-person levels of analyses and demonstrate the benefits of Bayesian techniques for the analysis of within-person processes. These include more formal specification of the theory and the ability to draw inferences about each individual, which allows for more nuanced interpretations of individuals within a personality category, such as differences in the individual probabilities of spiraling. While Bayesian techniques have many potential advantages for the analyses of processes at the level of the individual, ease of use is not one of them for psychologists trained in traditional frequentist statistical techniques. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4949490/ /pubmed/27486415 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01065 Text en Copyright © 2016 Cripps, Wood, Beckmann, Lau, Beckmann and Cripps. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Cripps, Edward Wood, Robert E. Beckmann, Nadin Lau, John Beckmann, Jens F. Cripps, Sally Ann
spellingShingle	Cripps, Edward Wood, Robert E. Beckmann, Nadin Lau, John Beckmann, Jens F. Cripps, Sally Ann Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics
author_facet	Cripps, Edward Wood, Robert E. Beckmann, Nadin Lau, John Beckmann, Jens F. Cripps, Sally Ann
author_sort	Cripps, Edward
title	Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics
title_short	Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics
title_full	Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics
title_fullStr	Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics
title_full_unstemmed	Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics
title_sort	bayesian analysis of individual level personality dynamics
description	A Bayesian technique with analyses of within-person processes at the level of the individual is presented. The approach is used to examine whether the patterns of within-person responses on a 12-trial simulation task are consistent with the predictions of ITA theory (Dweck, 1999). ITA theory states that the performance of an individual with an entity theory of ability is more likely to spiral down following a failure experience than the performance of an individual with an incremental theory of ability. This is because entity theorists interpret failure experiences as evidence of a lack of ability which they believe is largely innate and therefore relatively fixed; whilst incremental theorists believe in the malleability of abilities and interpret failure experiences as evidence of more controllable factors such as poor strategy or lack of effort. The results of our analyses support ITA theory at both the within- and between-person levels of analyses and demonstrate the benefits of Bayesian techniques for the analysis of within-person processes. These include more formal specification of the theory and the ability to draw inferences about each individual, which allows for more nuanced interpretations of individuals within a personality category, such as differences in the individual probabilities of spiraling. While Bayesian techniques have many potential advantages for the analyses of processes at the level of the individual, ease of use is not one of them for psychologists trained in traditional frequentist statistical techniques.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2016
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4949490/
_version_	1613611235427745792

Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics

Similar Items