Development of a Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for Control of a Neuroprosthetic Limb

Background. The purpose of this experiment was to develop a peripheral nerve interface using cultured myoblasts within a scaffold to provide a biologically stable interface while providing signal amplification for neuroprosthetic control and preventing neuroma formation. Methods. A Regenerative Per...

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Main Authors:	Urbanchek, Melanie G., Kung, Theodore A., Frost, Christopher M., Martin, David C., Larkin, Lisa M., Wollstein, Adi, Cederna, Paul S.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4886043/

id	pubmed-4886043
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-48860432016-06-12 Development of a Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for Control of a Neuroprosthetic Limb Urbanchek, Melanie G. Kung, Theodore A. Frost, Christopher M. Martin, David C. Larkin, Lisa M. Wollstein, Adi Cederna, Paul S. Research Article Background. The purpose of this experiment was to develop a peripheral nerve interface using cultured myoblasts within a scaffold to provide a biologically stable interface while providing signal amplification for neuroprosthetic control and preventing neuroma formation. Methods. A Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) composed of a scaffold and cultured myoblasts was implanted on the end of a divided peroneal nerve in rats (n = 25). The scaffold material consisted of either silicone mesh, acellular muscle, or acellular muscle with chemically polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conductive polymer. Average implantation time was 93 days. Electrophysiological tests were performed at endpoint to determine RPNI viability and ability to transduce neural signals. Tissue samples were examined using both light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Results. All implanted RPNIs, regardless of scaffold type, remained viable and displayed robust vascularity. Electromyographic activity and stimulated compound muscle action potentials were successfully recorded from all RPNIs. Physiologic efferent motor action potentials were detected from RPNIs in response to sensory foot stimulation. Histology and transmission electron microscopy revealed mature muscle fibers, axonal regeneration without neuroma formation, neovascularization, and synaptogenesis. Desmin staining confirmed the preservation and maturation of myoblasts within the RPNIs. Conclusions. RPNI demonstrates significant myoblast maturation, innervation, and vascularization without neuroma formation. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4886043/ /pubmed/27294122 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5726730 Text en Copyright © 2016 Melanie G. Urbanchek et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Urbanchek, Melanie G. Kung, Theodore A. Frost, Christopher M. Martin, David C. Larkin, Lisa M. Wollstein, Adi Cederna, Paul S.
spellingShingle	Urbanchek, Melanie G. Kung, Theodore A. Frost, Christopher M. Martin, David C. Larkin, Lisa M. Wollstein, Adi Cederna, Paul S. Development of a Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for Control of a Neuroprosthetic Limb
author_facet	Urbanchek, Melanie G. Kung, Theodore A. Frost, Christopher M. Martin, David C. Larkin, Lisa M. Wollstein, Adi Cederna, Paul S.
author_sort	Urbanchek, Melanie G.
title	Development of a Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for Control of a Neuroprosthetic Limb
title_short	Development of a Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for Control of a Neuroprosthetic Limb
title_full	Development of a Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for Control of a Neuroprosthetic Limb
title_fullStr	Development of a Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for Control of a Neuroprosthetic Limb
title_full_unstemmed	Development of a Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for Control of a Neuroprosthetic Limb
title_sort	development of a regenerative peripheral nerve interface for control of a neuroprosthetic limb
description	Background. The purpose of this experiment was to develop a peripheral nerve interface using cultured myoblasts within a scaffold to provide a biologically stable interface while providing signal amplification for neuroprosthetic control and preventing neuroma formation. Methods. A Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) composed of a scaffold and cultured myoblasts was implanted on the end of a divided peroneal nerve in rats (n = 25). The scaffold material consisted of either silicone mesh, acellular muscle, or acellular muscle with chemically polymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conductive polymer. Average implantation time was 93 days. Electrophysiological tests were performed at endpoint to determine RPNI viability and ability to transduce neural signals. Tissue samples were examined using both light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Results. All implanted RPNIs, regardless of scaffold type, remained viable and displayed robust vascularity. Electromyographic activity and stimulated compound muscle action potentials were successfully recorded from all RPNIs. Physiologic efferent motor action potentials were detected from RPNIs in response to sensory foot stimulation. Histology and transmission electron microscopy revealed mature muscle fibers, axonal regeneration without neuroma formation, neovascularization, and synaptogenesis. Desmin staining confirmed the preservation and maturation of myoblasts within the RPNIs. Conclusions. RPNI demonstrates significant myoblast maturation, innervation, and vascularization without neuroma formation.
publisher	Hindawi Publishing Corporation
publishDate	2016
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4886043/
_version_	1613586307201630208

Development of a Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface for Control of a Neuroprosthetic Limb

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