The Gene Expression Program for the Formation of Wing Cuticle in Drosophila
The cuticular exoskeleton of insects and other arthropods is a remarkably versatile material with a complex multilayer structure. We made use of the ability to isolate cuticle synthesizing cells in relatively pure form by dissecting pupal wings and we used RNAseq to identify genes expressed during t...
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| Format: | Online |
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Public Library of Science
2016
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4883753/ |
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pubmed-48837532016-06-10 The Gene Expression Program for the Formation of Wing Cuticle in Drosophila Sobala, Lukasz F. Adler, Paul N. Research Article The cuticular exoskeleton of insects and other arthropods is a remarkably versatile material with a complex multilayer structure. We made use of the ability to isolate cuticle synthesizing cells in relatively pure form by dissecting pupal wings and we used RNAseq to identify genes expressed during the formation of the adult wing cuticle. We observed dramatic changes in gene expression during cuticle deposition, and combined with transmission electron microscopy, we were able to identify candidate genes for the deposition of the different cuticular layers. Among genes of interest that dramatically change their expression during the cuticle deposition program are ones that encode cuticle proteins, ZP domain proteins, cuticle modifying proteins and transcription factors, as well as genes of unknown function. A striking finding is that mutations in a number of genes that are expressed almost exclusively during the deposition of the envelope (the thin outermost layer that is deposited first) result in gross defects in the procuticle (the thick chitinous layer that is deposited last). An attractive hypothesis to explain this is that the deposition of the different cuticle layers is not independent with the envelope instructing the formation of later layers. Alternatively, some of the genes expressed during the deposition of the envelope could form a platform that is essential for the deposition of all cuticle layers. Public Library of Science 2016-05-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4883753/ /pubmed/27232182 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006100 Text en © 2016 Sobala, Adler http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Sobala, Lukasz F. Adler, Paul N. |
| spellingShingle |
Sobala, Lukasz F. Adler, Paul N. The Gene Expression Program for the Formation of Wing Cuticle in Drosophila |
| author_facet |
Sobala, Lukasz F. Adler, Paul N. |
| author_sort |
Sobala, Lukasz F. |
| title |
The Gene Expression Program for the Formation of Wing Cuticle in Drosophila |
| title_short |
The Gene Expression Program for the Formation of Wing Cuticle in Drosophila |
| title_full |
The Gene Expression Program for the Formation of Wing Cuticle in Drosophila |
| title_fullStr |
The Gene Expression Program for the Formation of Wing Cuticle in Drosophila |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Gene Expression Program for the Formation of Wing Cuticle in Drosophila |
| title_sort |
gene expression program for the formation of wing cuticle in drosophila |
| description |
The cuticular exoskeleton of insects and other arthropods is a remarkably versatile material with a complex multilayer structure. We made use of the ability to isolate cuticle synthesizing cells in relatively pure form by dissecting pupal wings and we used RNAseq to identify genes expressed during the formation of the adult wing cuticle. We observed dramatic changes in gene expression during cuticle deposition, and combined with transmission electron microscopy, we were able to identify candidate genes for the deposition of the different cuticular layers. Among genes of interest that dramatically change their expression during the cuticle deposition program are ones that encode cuticle proteins, ZP domain proteins, cuticle modifying proteins and transcription factors, as well as genes of unknown function. A striking finding is that mutations in a number of genes that are expressed almost exclusively during the deposition of the envelope (the thin outermost layer that is deposited first) result in gross defects in the procuticle (the thick chitinous layer that is deposited last). An attractive hypothesis to explain this is that the deposition of the different cuticle layers is not independent with the envelope instructing the formation of later layers. Alternatively, some of the genes expressed during the deposition of the envelope could form a platform that is essential for the deposition of all cuticle layers. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4883753/ |
| _version_ |
1613585549008830464 |