Understanding the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of circadian transcription in Drosophila

Circadian clocks enable organisms to anticipate daily changes in the environment and coordinate temporal rhythms in physiology and behavior with the 24-h day-night cycle. The robust cycling of circadian gene expression is critical for proper timekeeping, and is regulated by transcription factor bind...

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Main Authors:	Kwok, Rosanna S., Lam, Vu H., Chiu, Joanna C.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Taylor & Francis 2016
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4862430/

id	pubmed-4862430
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-48624302016-05-23 Understanding the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of circadian transcription in Drosophila Kwok, Rosanna S. Lam, Vu H. Chiu, Joanna C. Extra View Circadian clocks enable organisms to anticipate daily changes in the environment and coordinate temporal rhythms in physiology and behavior with the 24-h day-night cycle. The robust cycling of circadian gene expression is critical for proper timekeeping, and is regulated by transcription factor binding, RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) recruitment and elongation, and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Recently, it has become clear that dynamic alterations in chromatin landscape at the level of histone posttranslational modification and nucleosome density facilitate rhythms in transcription factor recruitment and RNAPII activity, and are essential for progression through activating and repressive phases of circadian transcription. Here, we discuss the characterization of the BRAHMA (BRM) chromatin-remodeling protein in Drosophila in the context of circadian clock regulation. By dissecting its catalytic vs. non-catalytic activities, we propose a model in which the non-catalytic activity of BRM functions to recruit repressive factors to limit the transcriptional output of CLOCK (CLK) during the active phase of circadian transcription, while the primary function of the ATP-dependent catalytic activity is to tune and prevent over-recruitment of negative regulators by increasing nucleosome density. Finally, we divulge ongoing efforts and investigative directions toward a deeper mechanistic understanding of transcriptional regulation of circadian gene expression at the chromatin level. Taylor & Francis 2016-02-29 /pmc/articles/PMC4862430/ /pubmed/26926115 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19336934.2016.1143993 Text en © 2016 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Kwok, Rosanna S. Lam, Vu H. Chiu, Joanna C.
spellingShingle	Kwok, Rosanna S. Lam, Vu H. Chiu, Joanna C. Understanding the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of circadian transcription in Drosophila
author_facet	Kwok, Rosanna S. Lam, Vu H. Chiu, Joanna C.
author_sort	Kwok, Rosanna S.
title	Understanding the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of circadian transcription in Drosophila
title_short	Understanding the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of circadian transcription in Drosophila
title_full	Understanding the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of circadian transcription in Drosophila
title_fullStr	Understanding the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of circadian transcription in Drosophila
title_full_unstemmed	Understanding the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of circadian transcription in Drosophila
title_sort	understanding the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of circadian transcription in drosophila
description	Circadian clocks enable organisms to anticipate daily changes in the environment and coordinate temporal rhythms in physiology and behavior with the 24-h day-night cycle. The robust cycling of circadian gene expression is critical for proper timekeeping, and is regulated by transcription factor binding, RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) recruitment and elongation, and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Recently, it has become clear that dynamic alterations in chromatin landscape at the level of histone posttranslational modification and nucleosome density facilitate rhythms in transcription factor recruitment and RNAPII activity, and are essential for progression through activating and repressive phases of circadian transcription. Here, we discuss the characterization of the BRAHMA (BRM) chromatin-remodeling protein in Drosophila in the context of circadian clock regulation. By dissecting its catalytic vs. non-catalytic activities, we propose a model in which the non-catalytic activity of BRM functions to recruit repressive factors to limit the transcriptional output of CLOCK (CLK) during the active phase of circadian transcription, while the primary function of the ATP-dependent catalytic activity is to tune and prevent over-recruitment of negative regulators by increasing nucleosome density. Finally, we divulge ongoing efforts and investigative directions toward a deeper mechanistic understanding of transcriptional regulation of circadian gene expression at the chromatin level.
publisher	Taylor & Francis
publishDate	2016
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4862430/
_version_	1613577642974380032

Understanding the role of chromatin remodeling in the regulation of circadian transcription in Drosophila

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