Differential Processing of Consonance and Dissonance within the Human Superior Temporal Gyrus

The auditory cortex is well-known to be critical for music perception, including the perception of consonance and dissonance. Studies on the neural correlates of consonance and dissonance perception have largely employed non-invasive electrophysiological and functional imaging techniques in humans a...

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Main Authors:	Foo, Francine, King-Stephens, David, Weber, Peter, Laxer, Kenneth, Parvizi, Josef, Knight, Robert T.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4829599/

id	pubmed-4829599
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-48295992016-05-04 Differential Processing of Consonance and Dissonance within the Human Superior Temporal Gyrus Foo, Francine King-Stephens, David Weber, Peter Laxer, Kenneth Parvizi, Josef Knight, Robert T. Neuroscience The auditory cortex is well-known to be critical for music perception, including the perception of consonance and dissonance. Studies on the neural correlates of consonance and dissonance perception have largely employed non-invasive electrophysiological and functional imaging techniques in humans as well as neurophysiological recordings in animals, but the fine-grained spatiotemporal dynamics within the human auditory cortex remain unknown. We recorded electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals directly from the lateral surface of either the left or right temporal lobe of eight patients undergoing neurosurgical treatment as they passively listened to highly consonant and highly dissonant musical chords. We assessed ECoG activity in the high gamma (γhigh, 70–150 Hz) frequency range within the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and observed two types of cortical sites of interest in both hemispheres: one type showed no significant difference in γhigh activity between consonant and dissonant chords, and another type showed increased γhigh responses to dissonant chords between 75 and 200 ms post-stimulus onset. Furthermore, a subset of these sites exhibited additional sensitivity towards different types of dissonant chords, and a positive correlation between changes in γhigh power and the degree of stimulus roughness was observed in both hemispheres. We also observed a distinct spatial organization of cortical sites in the right STG, with dissonant-sensitive sites located anterior to non-sensitive sites. In sum, these findings demonstrate differential processing of consonance and dissonance in bilateral STG with the right hemisphere exhibiting robust and spatially organized sensitivity toward dissonance. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4829599/ /pubmed/27148011 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00154 Text en Copyright © 2016 Foo, King-Stephens, Weber, Laxer, Parvizi and Knight. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Foo, Francine King-Stephens, David Weber, Peter Laxer, Kenneth Parvizi, Josef Knight, Robert T.
spellingShingle	Foo, Francine King-Stephens, David Weber, Peter Laxer, Kenneth Parvizi, Josef Knight, Robert T. Differential Processing of Consonance and Dissonance within the Human Superior Temporal Gyrus
author_facet	Foo, Francine King-Stephens, David Weber, Peter Laxer, Kenneth Parvizi, Josef Knight, Robert T.
author_sort	Foo, Francine
title	Differential Processing of Consonance and Dissonance within the Human Superior Temporal Gyrus
title_short	Differential Processing of Consonance and Dissonance within the Human Superior Temporal Gyrus
title_full	Differential Processing of Consonance and Dissonance within the Human Superior Temporal Gyrus
title_fullStr	Differential Processing of Consonance and Dissonance within the Human Superior Temporal Gyrus
title_full_unstemmed	Differential Processing of Consonance and Dissonance within the Human Superior Temporal Gyrus
title_sort	differential processing of consonance and dissonance within the human superior temporal gyrus
description	The auditory cortex is well-known to be critical for music perception, including the perception of consonance and dissonance. Studies on the neural correlates of consonance and dissonance perception have largely employed non-invasive electrophysiological and functional imaging techniques in humans as well as neurophysiological recordings in animals, but the fine-grained spatiotemporal dynamics within the human auditory cortex remain unknown. We recorded electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals directly from the lateral surface of either the left or right temporal lobe of eight patients undergoing neurosurgical treatment as they passively listened to highly consonant and highly dissonant musical chords. We assessed ECoG activity in the high gamma (γhigh, 70–150 Hz) frequency range within the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and observed two types of cortical sites of interest in both hemispheres: one type showed no significant difference in γhigh activity between consonant and dissonant chords, and another type showed increased γhigh responses to dissonant chords between 75 and 200 ms post-stimulus onset. Furthermore, a subset of these sites exhibited additional sensitivity towards different types of dissonant chords, and a positive correlation between changes in γhigh power and the degree of stimulus roughness was observed in both hemispheres. We also observed a distinct spatial organization of cortical sites in the right STG, with dissonant-sensitive sites located anterior to non-sensitive sites. In sum, these findings demonstrate differential processing of consonance and dissonance in bilateral STG with the right hemisphere exhibiting robust and spatially organized sensitivity toward dissonance.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2016
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4829599/
_version_	1613565437311713280

Differential Processing of Consonance and Dissonance within the Human Superior Temporal Gyrus

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