ERPs Reveal the Time-Course of Aberrant Visual-Phonological Binding in Developmental Dyslexia

New evidence is accumulating for a deficit in binding visual-orthographic information with the corresponding phonological code in developmental dyslexia. Here, we identify the mechanisms underpinning this deficit using event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in dyslexic and control adult readers perfo...

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Main Authors:	Jones, Manon W., Kuipers, Jan-Rouke, Thierry, Guillaume
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2016
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4772455/

id	pubmed-4772455
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-47724552016-03-11 ERPs Reveal the Time-Course of Aberrant Visual-Phonological Binding in Developmental Dyslexia Jones, Manon W. Kuipers, Jan-Rouke Thierry, Guillaume Neuroscience New evidence is accumulating for a deficit in binding visual-orthographic information with the corresponding phonological code in developmental dyslexia. Here, we identify the mechanisms underpinning this deficit using event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in dyslexic and control adult readers performing a letter-matching task. In each trial, a printed letter was presented synchronously with an auditory letter name. Incongruent (mismatched), frequent trials were interleaved with congruent (matched) infrequent target pairs, which participants were asked to report by pressing a button. In critical trials, incongruent letter pairs were mismatched but confusable in terms of their visual or phonological features. Typical readers showed early detection of deviant trials, indicated by larger modulation in the range of the phonological mismatch negativity (PMN) compared with standard trials. This was followed by stronger modulation of the P3b wave for visually confusable deviants and an increased lateralized readiness potential (LRP) for phonological deviants, compared with standards. In contrast, dyslexic readers showed reduced sensitivity to deviancy in the PMN range. Responses to deviants in the P3b range indicated normal letter recognition processes, but the LRP calculation revealed a specific impairment for visual-orthographic information during response selection in dyslexia. In a follow-up experiment using an analogous non-lexical task in the same participants, we found no reading-group differences, indicating a degree of specificity to over-learnt visual-phonological binding. Our findings indicate early insensitivity to visual-phonological binding in developmental dyslexia, coupled with difficulty selecting the correct orthographic code. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-03-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4772455/ /pubmed/26973493 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00071 Text en Copyright © 2016 Jones, Kuipers and Thierry. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Jones, Manon W. Kuipers, Jan-Rouke Thierry, Guillaume
spellingShingle	Jones, Manon W. Kuipers, Jan-Rouke Thierry, Guillaume ERPs Reveal the Time-Course of Aberrant Visual-Phonological Binding in Developmental Dyslexia
author_facet	Jones, Manon W. Kuipers, Jan-Rouke Thierry, Guillaume
author_sort	Jones, Manon W.
title	ERPs Reveal the Time-Course of Aberrant Visual-Phonological Binding in Developmental Dyslexia
title_short	ERPs Reveal the Time-Course of Aberrant Visual-Phonological Binding in Developmental Dyslexia
title_full	ERPs Reveal the Time-Course of Aberrant Visual-Phonological Binding in Developmental Dyslexia
title_fullStr	ERPs Reveal the Time-Course of Aberrant Visual-Phonological Binding in Developmental Dyslexia
title_full_unstemmed	ERPs Reveal the Time-Course of Aberrant Visual-Phonological Binding in Developmental Dyslexia
title_sort	erps reveal the time-course of aberrant visual-phonological binding in developmental dyslexia
description	New evidence is accumulating for a deficit in binding visual-orthographic information with the corresponding phonological code in developmental dyslexia. Here, we identify the mechanisms underpinning this deficit using event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in dyslexic and control adult readers performing a letter-matching task. In each trial, a printed letter was presented synchronously with an auditory letter name. Incongruent (mismatched), frequent trials were interleaved with congruent (matched) infrequent target pairs, which participants were asked to report by pressing a button. In critical trials, incongruent letter pairs were mismatched but confusable in terms of their visual or phonological features. Typical readers showed early detection of deviant trials, indicated by larger modulation in the range of the phonological mismatch negativity (PMN) compared with standard trials. This was followed by stronger modulation of the P3b wave for visually confusable deviants and an increased lateralized readiness potential (LRP) for phonological deviants, compared with standards. In contrast, dyslexic readers showed reduced sensitivity to deviancy in the PMN range. Responses to deviants in the P3b range indicated normal letter recognition processes, but the LRP calculation revealed a specific impairment for visual-orthographic information during response selection in dyslexia. In a follow-up experiment using an analogous non-lexical task in the same participants, we found no reading-group differences, indicating a degree of specificity to over-learnt visual-phonological binding. Our findings indicate early insensitivity to visual-phonological binding in developmental dyslexia, coupled with difficulty selecting the correct orthographic code.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2016
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4772455/
_version_	1613545265329864704

ERPs Reveal the Time-Course of Aberrant Visual-Phonological Binding in Developmental Dyslexia

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