Glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling in women and osteoblast function in vitro

Glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling in women and osteoblast function in vitro

Aging is associated with a reduction in osteoblast life span and the volume of bone formed by each basic multicellular unit. Each time bone is resorbed, less is deposited producing microstructural deterioration. Aging is also associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, either of which may...

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Main Authors: Levinger, Itamar, Seeman, Ego, Jerums, George, McConell, Glenn K., Rybchyn, Mark S., Cassar, Samantha, Byrnes, Elizabeth, Selig, Steve, Mason, Rebecca S., Ebeling, Peter R., Brennan‐Speranza, Tara C.
Format: Online
Language:English
Published: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016
Online Access:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4758933/
id pubmed-4758933
recordtype oai_dc
spelling pubmed-47589332016-02-29 Glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling in women and osteoblast function in vitro Levinger, Itamar Seeman, Ego Jerums, George McConell, Glenn K. Rybchyn, Mark S. Cassar, Samantha Byrnes, Elizabeth Selig, Steve Mason, Rebecca S. Ebeling, Peter R. Brennan‐Speranza, Tara C. Original Research Aging is associated with a reduction in osteoblast life span and the volume of bone formed by each basic multicellular unit. Each time bone is resorbed, less is deposited producing microstructural deterioration. Aging is also associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, either of which may cause, or be the result of, a decline in undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), a protein produced by osteoblasts that increases insulin sensitivity. We examined whether glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling and ucOC in vivo and osteoblast function in vitro, and so compromises bone formation. We administered an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to 18 pre and postmenopausal, nondiabetic women at rest and following exercise and measured serum levels of bone remodeling markers (BRMs) and ucOC. We also assessed whether increasing glucose concentrations with or without insulin reduced survival and activity of cultured human osteoblasts. Glucose‐loading at rest and following exercise reduced BRMs in pre and postmenopausal women and reduced ucOC in postmenopausal women. Higher glucose correlated negatively, whereas insulin correlated positively, with baseline BRMs and ucOC. The increase in serum glucose following resting OGTT was associated with the reduction in bone formation markers. D‐glucose (>10 mmol L−1) increased osteoblast apoptosis, reduced cell activity and osteocalcin expression compared with 5 mmol L−1. Insulin had a protective effect on these parameters. Collagen expression in vitro was not affected in this time course. In conclusion, glucose exposure reduces BRMs in women and exercise failed to attenuate this suppression effect. The suppressive effect of glucose on BRMs may be due to impaired osteoblast work and longevity. Whether glucose influences material composition and microstructure remains to be determined. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4758933/ /pubmed/26847728 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.12700 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
repository_type Open Access Journal
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building NCBI PubMed
collection Online Access
language English
format Online
author Levinger, Itamar
Seeman, Ego
Jerums, George
McConell, Glenn K.
Rybchyn, Mark S.
Cassar, Samantha
Byrnes, Elizabeth
Selig, Steve
Mason, Rebecca S.
Ebeling, Peter R.
Brennan‐Speranza, Tara C.
spellingShingle Levinger, Itamar
Seeman, Ego
Jerums, George
McConell, Glenn K.
Rybchyn, Mark S.
Cassar, Samantha
Byrnes, Elizabeth
Selig, Steve
Mason, Rebecca S.
Ebeling, Peter R.
Brennan‐Speranza, Tara C.
Glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling in women and osteoblast function in vitro
author_facet Levinger, Itamar
Seeman, Ego
Jerums, George
McConell, Glenn K.
Rybchyn, Mark S.
Cassar, Samantha
Byrnes, Elizabeth
Selig, Steve
Mason, Rebecca S.
Ebeling, Peter R.
Brennan‐Speranza, Tara C.
author_sort Levinger, Itamar
title Glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling in women and osteoblast function in vitro
title_short Glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling in women and osteoblast function in vitro
title_full Glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling in women and osteoblast function in vitro
title_fullStr Glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling in women and osteoblast function in vitro
title_full_unstemmed Glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling in women and osteoblast function in vitro
title_sort glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling in women and osteoblast function in vitro
description Aging is associated with a reduction in osteoblast life span and the volume of bone formed by each basic multicellular unit. Each time bone is resorbed, less is deposited producing microstructural deterioration. Aging is also associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, either of which may cause, or be the result of, a decline in undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), a protein produced by osteoblasts that increases insulin sensitivity. We examined whether glucose‐loading reduces bone remodeling and ucOC in vivo and osteoblast function in vitro, and so compromises bone formation. We administered an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to 18 pre and postmenopausal, nondiabetic women at rest and following exercise and measured serum levels of bone remodeling markers (BRMs) and ucOC. We also assessed whether increasing glucose concentrations with or without insulin reduced survival and activity of cultured human osteoblasts. Glucose‐loading at rest and following exercise reduced BRMs in pre and postmenopausal women and reduced ucOC in postmenopausal women. Higher glucose correlated negatively, whereas insulin correlated positively, with baseline BRMs and ucOC. The increase in serum glucose following resting OGTT was associated with the reduction in bone formation markers. D‐glucose (>10 mmol L−1) increased osteoblast apoptosis, reduced cell activity and osteocalcin expression compared with 5 mmol L−1. Insulin had a protective effect on these parameters. Collagen expression in vitro was not affected in this time course. In conclusion, glucose exposure reduces BRMs in women and exercise failed to attenuate this suppression effect. The suppressive effect of glucose on BRMs may be due to impaired osteoblast work and longevity. Whether glucose influences material composition and microstructure remains to be determined.
publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc.
publishDate 2016
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4758933/
_version_ 1613540480053673984

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