Kinematic Adaptations of Forward And Backward Walking on Land and in Water

The aim of this study was to compare sagittal plane lower limb kinematics during walking on land and submerged to the hip in water. Eight healthy adults (age 22.1 ± 1.1 years, body height 174.8 ± 7.1 cm, body mass 63.4 ± 6.2 kg) were asked to cover a distance of 10 m at comfortable speed with contro...

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Main Authors:	Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina, Arellano, Raúl, Vanrenterghem, Jos, López-Contreras, Gracia
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Katowicach 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4723164/

id	pubmed-4723164
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-47231642016-02-02 Kinematic Adaptations of Forward And Backward Walking on Land and in Water Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina Arellano, Raúl Vanrenterghem, Jos López-Contreras, Gracia Research Article The aim of this study was to compare sagittal plane lower limb kinematics during walking on land and submerged to the hip in water. Eight healthy adults (age 22.1 ± 1.1 years, body height 174.8 ± 7.1 cm, body mass 63.4 ± 6.2 kg) were asked to cover a distance of 10 m at comfortable speed with controlled step frequency, walking forward or backward. Sagittal plane lower limb kinematics were obtained from three dimensional video analysis to compare spatiotemporal gait parameters and joint angles at selected events using two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Key findings were a reduced walking speed, stride length, step length and a support phase in water, and step length asymmetry was higher compared to the land condition (p<0.05). At initial contact, knees and hips were more flexed during walking forward in water, whilst, ankles were more dorsiflexed during walking backward in water. At final stance, knees and ankles were more flexed during forward walking, whilst the hip was more flexed during backward walking. These results show how walking in water differs from walking on land, and provide valuable insights into the development and prescription of rehabilitation and training programs. Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Katowicach 2015-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4723164/ /pubmed/26839602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0104 Text en © Editorial Committee of Journal of Human Kinetics This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina Arellano, Raúl Vanrenterghem, Jos López-Contreras, Gracia
spellingShingle	Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina Arellano, Raúl Vanrenterghem, Jos López-Contreras, Gracia Kinematic Adaptations of Forward And Backward Walking on Land and in Water
author_facet	Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina Arellano, Raúl Vanrenterghem, Jos López-Contreras, Gracia
author_sort	Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina
title	Kinematic Adaptations of Forward And Backward Walking on Land and in Water
title_short	Kinematic Adaptations of Forward And Backward Walking on Land and in Water
title_full	Kinematic Adaptations of Forward And Backward Walking on Land and in Water
title_fullStr	Kinematic Adaptations of Forward And Backward Walking on Land and in Water
title_full_unstemmed	Kinematic Adaptations of Forward And Backward Walking on Land and in Water
title_sort	kinematic adaptations of forward and backward walking on land and in water
description	The aim of this study was to compare sagittal plane lower limb kinematics during walking on land and submerged to the hip in water. Eight healthy adults (age 22.1 ± 1.1 years, body height 174.8 ± 7.1 cm, body mass 63.4 ± 6.2 kg) were asked to cover a distance of 10 m at comfortable speed with controlled step frequency, walking forward or backward. Sagittal plane lower limb kinematics were obtained from three dimensional video analysis to compare spatiotemporal gait parameters and joint angles at selected events using two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Key findings were a reduced walking speed, stride length, step length and a support phase in water, and step length asymmetry was higher compared to the land condition (p<0.05). At initial contact, knees and hips were more flexed during walking forward in water, whilst, ankles were more dorsiflexed during walking backward in water. At final stance, knees and ankles were more flexed during forward walking, whilst the hip was more flexed during backward walking. These results show how walking in water differs from walking on land, and provide valuable insights into the development and prescription of rehabilitation and training programs.
publisher	Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Katowicach
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4723164/
_version_	1613527393917468672

Kinematic Adaptations of Forward And Backward Walking on Land and in Water

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