Phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in Sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports

Phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in Sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports

Pathology to vertebrate hosts has emerged repeatedly in the order Ophiostomatales. Occasional infections have been observed in Sporothrix mexicana at a low level of virulence, while the main pathogenic species cluster in a derived clade around S. schenckii s.str. In this paper, phylogeny and epidemi...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhang, Y., Hagen, F., Stielow, B., Rodrigues, A.M., Samerpitak, K., Zhou, X., Feng, P., Yang, L., Chen, M., Deng, S., Li, S., Liao, W., Li, R., Li, F., Meis, J.F., Guarro, J., Teixeira, M., Al-Zahrani, H.S., Pires de Camargo, Z., Zhang, L., de Hoog, G.S.
Format: Online
Language:English
Published: Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraallbureau voor Schimmelcultures 2015
Online Access:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4713101/
id pubmed-4713101
recordtype oai_dc
spelling pubmed-47131012016-01-28 Phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in Sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports Zhang, Y. Hagen, F. Stielow, B. Rodrigues, A.M. Samerpitak, K. Zhou, X. Feng, P. Yang, L. Chen, M. Deng, S. Li, S. Liao, W. Li, R. Li, F. Meis, J.F. Guarro, J. Teixeira, M. Al-Zahrani, H.S. Pires de Camargo, Z. Zhang, L. de Hoog, G.S. Research Article Pathology to vertebrate hosts has emerged repeatedly in the order Ophiostomatales. Occasional infections have been observed in Sporothrix mexicana at a low level of virulence, while the main pathogenic species cluster in a derived clade around S. schenckii s.str. In this paper, phylogeny and epidemiology of the members of this clade were investigated for 99 clinical and 36 environmental strains using four genetic loci, viz. rDNA ITS and partial CAL, TEF1, and TEF3; data are compared with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotyping. The four main species of the pathogenic clade were recognised. The species proved to show high degrees of endemicity, which enabled interpretation of literature data where live material or genetic information is lacking. The clade of four species comprised nine subclusters, which often had limited geographic distribution and were separate from each other in all partitions, suggesting low degrees of interbreeding between populations. In contrast, S. globosa exhibited consistent global distribution of identical AFLP types, suggesting another type of dispersal. Sporothrix brasiliensis is known to be involved in an expanding zoonosis and transmitted by cats, whereas S. globosa infections originated from putrid plant material, causing a sapronosis. Sporothrix schenckii s.str., the most variable species within the clade, also had a plant origin, with ecological similarities to that of S. globosa. A hypothesis was put forward that highly specific conditions in the plant material are required to promote the growth of Sporothrix. Fermented, self-heated plant debris may stimulate the thermodependent yeast-like invasive form of the fungus, which facilitates repeated infection of mammals. Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraallbureau voor Schimmelcultures 2015-01-29 2015-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4713101/ /pubmed/26823625 http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158515X687416 Text en © 2015 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode You are free to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non-commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No derivative works: You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work, which can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode. Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Nothing in this license impairs or restricts the author’s moral rights.
repository_type Open Access Journal
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building NCBI PubMed
collection Online Access
language English
format Online
author Zhang, Y.
Hagen, F.
Stielow, B.
Rodrigues, A.M.
Samerpitak, K.
Zhou, X.
Feng, P.
Yang, L.
Chen, M.
Deng, S.
Li, S.
Liao, W.
Li, R.
Li, F.
Meis, J.F.
Guarro, J.
Teixeira, M.
Al-Zahrani, H.S.
Pires de Camargo, Z.
Zhang, L.
de Hoog, G.S.
spellingShingle Zhang, Y.
Hagen, F.
Stielow, B.
Rodrigues, A.M.
Samerpitak, K.
Zhou, X.
Feng, P.
Yang, L.
Chen, M.
Deng, S.
Li, S.
Liao, W.
Li, R.
Li, F.
Meis, J.F.
Guarro, J.
Teixeira, M.
Al-Zahrani, H.S.
Pires de Camargo, Z.
Zhang, L.
de Hoog, G.S.
Phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in Sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports
author_facet Zhang, Y.
Hagen, F.
Stielow, B.
Rodrigues, A.M.
Samerpitak, K.
Zhou, X.
Feng, P.
Yang, L.
Chen, M.
Deng, S.
Li, S.
Liao, W.
Li, R.
Li, F.
Meis, J.F.
Guarro, J.
Teixeira, M.
Al-Zahrani, H.S.
Pires de Camargo, Z.
Zhang, L.
de Hoog, G.S.
author_sort Zhang, Y.
title Phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in Sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports
title_short Phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in Sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports
title_full Phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in Sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports
title_fullStr Phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in Sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports
title_full_unstemmed Phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in Sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports
title_sort phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports
description Pathology to vertebrate hosts has emerged repeatedly in the order Ophiostomatales. Occasional infections have been observed in Sporothrix mexicana at a low level of virulence, while the main pathogenic species cluster in a derived clade around S. schenckii s.str. In this paper, phylogeny and epidemiology of the members of this clade were investigated for 99 clinical and 36 environmental strains using four genetic loci, viz. rDNA ITS and partial CAL, TEF1, and TEF3; data are compared with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotyping. The four main species of the pathogenic clade were recognised. The species proved to show high degrees of endemicity, which enabled interpretation of literature data where live material or genetic information is lacking. The clade of four species comprised nine subclusters, which often had limited geographic distribution and were separate from each other in all partitions, suggesting low degrees of interbreeding between populations. In contrast, S. globosa exhibited consistent global distribution of identical AFLP types, suggesting another type of dispersal. Sporothrix brasiliensis is known to be involved in an expanding zoonosis and transmitted by cats, whereas S. globosa infections originated from putrid plant material, causing a sapronosis. Sporothrix schenckii s.str., the most variable species within the clade, also had a plant origin, with ecological similarities to that of S. globosa. A hypothesis was put forward that highly specific conditions in the plant material are required to promote the growth of Sporothrix. Fermented, self-heated plant debris may stimulate the thermodependent yeast-like invasive form of the fungus, which facilitates repeated infection of mammals.
publisher Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraallbureau voor Schimmelcultures
publishDate 2015
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4713101/
_version_ 1613524097682112512

Similar Items