The Microenvironment in Gliomas: Phenotypic Expressions
The microenvironment of malignant gliomas is described according to its definition in the literature. Beside tumor cells, a series of stromal cells (microglia/macrophages, pericytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, normal and reactive astrocytes) represents the cell component, whereas a complex netw...
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2015
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| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4695896/ |
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pubmed-4695896 |
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pubmed-46958962016-01-19 The Microenvironment in Gliomas: Phenotypic Expressions Schiffer, Davide Annovazzi, Laura Mazzucco, Marta Mellai, Marta Commentary The microenvironment of malignant gliomas is described according to its definition in the literature. Beside tumor cells, a series of stromal cells (microglia/macrophages, pericytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, normal and reactive astrocytes) represents the cell component, whereas a complex network of molecular signaling represents the functional component. Its most evident expressions are perivascular and perinecrotic niches that are believed to be the site of tumor stem cells or progenitors in the tumor. Phenotypically, both niches are not easily recognizable; here, they are described together with a critical revision of their concept. As for perinecrotic niches, an alternative interpretation is given about their origin that regards the tumor stem cells as the residue of those that populated hyperproliferating areas in which necroses develop. This is based on the concept that the stem-like is a status and not a cell type, depending on the microenvironment that regulates a conversion of tumor non-stem cells and tumor stem cells through a cell reprogramming. MDPI 2015-12-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4695896/ /pubmed/26633514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers7040896 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| repository_type |
Open Access Journal |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
US National Center for Biotechnology Information |
| building |
NCBI PubMed |
| collection |
Online Access |
| language |
English |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Schiffer, Davide Annovazzi, Laura Mazzucco, Marta Mellai, Marta |
| spellingShingle |
Schiffer, Davide Annovazzi, Laura Mazzucco, Marta Mellai, Marta The Microenvironment in Gliomas: Phenotypic Expressions |
| author_facet |
Schiffer, Davide Annovazzi, Laura Mazzucco, Marta Mellai, Marta |
| author_sort |
Schiffer, Davide |
| title |
The Microenvironment in Gliomas: Phenotypic Expressions |
| title_short |
The Microenvironment in Gliomas: Phenotypic Expressions |
| title_full |
The Microenvironment in Gliomas: Phenotypic Expressions |
| title_fullStr |
The Microenvironment in Gliomas: Phenotypic Expressions |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Microenvironment in Gliomas: Phenotypic Expressions |
| title_sort |
microenvironment in gliomas: phenotypic expressions |
| description |
The microenvironment of malignant gliomas is described according to its definition in the literature. Beside tumor cells, a series of stromal cells (microglia/macrophages, pericytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, normal and reactive astrocytes) represents the cell component, whereas a complex network of molecular signaling represents the functional component. Its most evident expressions are perivascular and perinecrotic niches that are believed to be the site of tumor stem cells or progenitors in the tumor. Phenotypically, both niches are not easily recognizable; here, they are described together with a critical revision of their concept. As for perinecrotic niches, an alternative interpretation is given about their origin that regards the tumor stem cells as the residue of those that populated hyperproliferating areas in which necroses develop. This is based on the concept that the stem-like is a status and not a cell type, depending on the microenvironment that regulates a conversion of tumor non-stem cells and tumor stem cells through a cell reprogramming. |
| publisher |
MDPI |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4695896/ |
| _version_ |
1613518222416412672 |