Spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance in amblyopia

While amblyopia involves both binocular imbalance and deficits in processing high spatial frequency information, little is known about the spatial-frequency dependence of binocular imbalance. Here we examined binocular imbalance as a function of spatial frequency in amblyopia using a novel computer-...

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Main Authors:	Kwon, MiYoung, Wiecek, Emily, Dakin, Steven C., Bex, Peter J.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Nature Publishing Group 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4658600/

id	pubmed-4658600
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-46586002015-11-30 Spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance in amblyopia Kwon, MiYoung Wiecek, Emily Dakin, Steven C. Bex, Peter J. Article While amblyopia involves both binocular imbalance and deficits in processing high spatial frequency information, little is known about the spatial-frequency dependence of binocular imbalance. Here we examined binocular imbalance as a function of spatial frequency in amblyopia using a novel computer-based method. Binocular imbalance at four spatial frequencies was measured with a novel dichoptic letter chart in individuals with amblyopia, or normal vision. Our dichoptic letter chart was composed of band-pass filtered letters arranged in a layout similar to the ETDRS acuity chart. A different chart was presented to each eye of the observer via stereo-shutter glasses. The relative contrast of the corresponding letter in each eye was adjusted by a computer staircase to determine a binocular Balance Point at which the observer reports the letter presented to either eye with equal probability. Amblyopes showed pronounced binocular imbalance across all spatial frequencies, with greater imbalance at high compared to low spatial frequencies (an average increase of 19%, p < 0.01). Good test-retest reliability of the method was demonstrated by the Bland-Altman plot. Our findings suggest that spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance may be useful for diagnosing amblyopia and as an outcome measure for recovery of binocular vision following therapy. Nature Publishing Group 2015-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4658600/ /pubmed/26603125 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep17181 Text en Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Kwon, MiYoung Wiecek, Emily Dakin, Steven C. Bex, Peter J.
spellingShingle	Kwon, MiYoung Wiecek, Emily Dakin, Steven C. Bex, Peter J. Spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance in amblyopia
author_facet	Kwon, MiYoung Wiecek, Emily Dakin, Steven C. Bex, Peter J.
author_sort	Kwon, MiYoung
title	Spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance in amblyopia
title_short	Spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance in amblyopia
title_full	Spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance in amblyopia
title_fullStr	Spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance in amblyopia
title_full_unstemmed	Spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance in amblyopia
title_sort	spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance in amblyopia
description	While amblyopia involves both binocular imbalance and deficits in processing high spatial frequency information, little is known about the spatial-frequency dependence of binocular imbalance. Here we examined binocular imbalance as a function of spatial frequency in amblyopia using a novel computer-based method. Binocular imbalance at four spatial frequencies was measured with a novel dichoptic letter chart in individuals with amblyopia, or normal vision. Our dichoptic letter chart was composed of band-pass filtered letters arranged in a layout similar to the ETDRS acuity chart. A different chart was presented to each eye of the observer via stereo-shutter glasses. The relative contrast of the corresponding letter in each eye was adjusted by a computer staircase to determine a binocular Balance Point at which the observer reports the letter presented to either eye with equal probability. Amblyopes showed pronounced binocular imbalance across all spatial frequencies, with greater imbalance at high compared to low spatial frequencies (an average increase of 19%, p < 0.01). Good test-retest reliability of the method was demonstrated by the Bland-Altman plot. Our findings suggest that spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance may be useful for diagnosing amblyopia and as an outcome measure for recovery of binocular vision following therapy.
publisher	Nature Publishing Group
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4658600/
_version_	1613505632052183040

Spatial-frequency dependent binocular imbalance in amblyopia

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