Plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects

Intracellular reproductive manipulators, such as Candidatus Cardinium and Wolbachia are vertically transmitted to progeny but rarely show co-speciation with the host. In sap-feeding insects, plant tissues have been proposed as alternative horizontal routes of interspecific transmission, but experime...

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Main Authors:	Gonella, Elena, Pajoro, Massimo, Marzorati, Massimo, Crotti, Elena, Mandrioli, Mauro, Pontini, Marianna, Bulgari, Daniela, Negri, Ilaria, Sacchi, Luciano, Chouaia, Bessem, Daffonchio, Daniele, Alma, Alberto
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Nature Publishing Group 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4643326/

id	pubmed-4643326
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-46433262015-11-20 Plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects Gonella, Elena Pajoro, Massimo Marzorati, Massimo Crotti, Elena Mandrioli, Mauro Pontini, Marianna Bulgari, Daniela Negri, Ilaria Sacchi, Luciano Chouaia, Bessem Daffonchio, Daniele Alma, Alberto Article Intracellular reproductive manipulators, such as Candidatus Cardinium and Wolbachia are vertically transmitted to progeny but rarely show co-speciation with the host. In sap-feeding insects, plant tissues have been proposed as alternative horizontal routes of interspecific transmission, but experimental evidence is limited. Here we report results from experiments that show that Cardinium is horizontally transmitted between different phloem sap-feeding insect species through plants. Quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization experiments indicated that the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus releases Cardinium from its salivary glands during feeding on both artificial media and grapevine leaves. Successional time-course feeding experiments with S. titanus initially fed sugar solutions or small areas of grapevine leaves followed by feeding by the phytoplasma vector Macrosteles quadripunctulatus or the grapevine feeder Empoasca vitis revealed that the symbionts were transmitted to both species. Explaining interspecific horizontal transmission through plants improves our understanding of how symbionts spread, their lifestyle and the symbiont-host intermixed evolutionary pattern. Nature Publishing Group 2015-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4643326/ /pubmed/26563507 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep15811 Text en Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Gonella, Elena Pajoro, Massimo Marzorati, Massimo Crotti, Elena Mandrioli, Mauro Pontini, Marianna Bulgari, Daniela Negri, Ilaria Sacchi, Luciano Chouaia, Bessem Daffonchio, Daniele Alma, Alberto
spellingShingle	Gonella, Elena Pajoro, Massimo Marzorati, Massimo Crotti, Elena Mandrioli, Mauro Pontini, Marianna Bulgari, Daniela Negri, Ilaria Sacchi, Luciano Chouaia, Bessem Daffonchio, Daniele Alma, Alberto Plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects
author_facet	Gonella, Elena Pajoro, Massimo Marzorati, Massimo Crotti, Elena Mandrioli, Mauro Pontini, Marianna Bulgari, Daniela Negri, Ilaria Sacchi, Luciano Chouaia, Bessem Daffonchio, Daniele Alma, Alberto
author_sort	Gonella, Elena
title	Plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects
title_short	Plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects
title_full	Plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects
title_fullStr	Plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects
title_full_unstemmed	Plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects
title_sort	plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects
description	Intracellular reproductive manipulators, such as Candidatus Cardinium and Wolbachia are vertically transmitted to progeny but rarely show co-speciation with the host. In sap-feeding insects, plant tissues have been proposed as alternative horizontal routes of interspecific transmission, but experimental evidence is limited. Here we report results from experiments that show that Cardinium is horizontally transmitted between different phloem sap-feeding insect species through plants. Quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization experiments indicated that the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus releases Cardinium from its salivary glands during feeding on both artificial media and grapevine leaves. Successional time-course feeding experiments with S. titanus initially fed sugar solutions or small areas of grapevine leaves followed by feeding by the phytoplasma vector Macrosteles quadripunctulatus or the grapevine feeder Empoasca vitis revealed that the symbionts were transmitted to both species. Explaining interspecific horizontal transmission through plants improves our understanding of how symbionts spread, their lifestyle and the symbiont-host intermixed evolutionary pattern.
publisher	Nature Publishing Group
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4643326/
_version_	1613500665895583744

Plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects

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