Epidemic and Endemic Malaria Transmission Related to Fish Farming Ponds in the Amazon Frontier

Fish farming in the Amazon has been stimulated as a solution to increase economic development. However, poorly managed fish ponds have been sometimes associated with the presence of Anopheles spp. and consequently, with malaria transmission. In this study, we analyzed the spatial and temporal dynami...

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Main Authors:	dos Reis, Izabel Cristina, Honório, Nildimar Alves, de Barros, Fábio Saito Monteiro, Barcellos, Christovam, Kitron, Uriel, Camara, Daniel Cardoso Portela, Pereira, Glaucio Rocha, Keppeler, Erlei Cassiano, da Silva-Nunes, Mônica, Codeço, Cláudia Torres
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Public Library of Science 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4567347/

id	pubmed-4567347
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-45673472015-09-18 Epidemic and Endemic Malaria Transmission Related to Fish Farming Ponds in the Amazon Frontier dos Reis, Izabel Cristina Honório, Nildimar Alves de Barros, Fábio Saito Monteiro Barcellos, Christovam Kitron, Uriel Camara, Daniel Cardoso Portela Pereira, Glaucio Rocha Keppeler, Erlei Cassiano da Silva-Nunes, Mônica Codeço, Cláudia Torres Research Article Fish farming in the Amazon has been stimulated as a solution to increase economic development. However, poorly managed fish ponds have been sometimes associated with the presence of Anopheles spp. and consequently, with malaria transmission. In this study, we analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics of malaria in the state of Acre (and more closely within a single county) to investigate the potential links between aquaculture and malaria transmission in this region. At the state level, we classified the 22 counties into three malaria endemicity patterns, based on the correlation between notification time series. Furthermore, the study period (2003–2013) was divided into two phases (epidemic and post-epidemic). Higher fish pond construction coincided both spatially and temporally with increased rate of malaria notification. Within one malaria endemic county, we investigated the relationship between the geolocation of malaria cases (2011–2012) and their distance to fish ponds. Entomological surveys carried out in these ponds provided measurements of anopheline abundance that were significantly associated with the abundance of malaria cases within 100 m of the ponds (P < 0.005; r = 0.39). These results taken together suggest that fish farming contributes to the maintenance of high transmission levels of malaria in this region. Public Library of Science 2015-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC4567347/ /pubmed/26361330 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137521 Text en © 2015 dos Reis et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	dos Reis, Izabel Cristina Honório, Nildimar Alves de Barros, Fábio Saito Monteiro Barcellos, Christovam Kitron, Uriel Camara, Daniel Cardoso Portela Pereira, Glaucio Rocha Keppeler, Erlei Cassiano da Silva-Nunes, Mônica Codeço, Cláudia Torres
spellingShingle	dos Reis, Izabel Cristina Honório, Nildimar Alves de Barros, Fábio Saito Monteiro Barcellos, Christovam Kitron, Uriel Camara, Daniel Cardoso Portela Pereira, Glaucio Rocha Keppeler, Erlei Cassiano da Silva-Nunes, Mônica Codeço, Cláudia Torres Epidemic and Endemic Malaria Transmission Related to Fish Farming Ponds in the Amazon Frontier
author_facet	dos Reis, Izabel Cristina Honório, Nildimar Alves de Barros, Fábio Saito Monteiro Barcellos, Christovam Kitron, Uriel Camara, Daniel Cardoso Portela Pereira, Glaucio Rocha Keppeler, Erlei Cassiano da Silva-Nunes, Mônica Codeço, Cláudia Torres
author_sort	dos Reis, Izabel Cristina
title	Epidemic and Endemic Malaria Transmission Related to Fish Farming Ponds in the Amazon Frontier
title_short	Epidemic and Endemic Malaria Transmission Related to Fish Farming Ponds in the Amazon Frontier
title_full	Epidemic and Endemic Malaria Transmission Related to Fish Farming Ponds in the Amazon Frontier
title_fullStr	Epidemic and Endemic Malaria Transmission Related to Fish Farming Ponds in the Amazon Frontier
title_full_unstemmed	Epidemic and Endemic Malaria Transmission Related to Fish Farming Ponds in the Amazon Frontier
title_sort	epidemic and endemic malaria transmission related to fish farming ponds in the amazon frontier
description	Fish farming in the Amazon has been stimulated as a solution to increase economic development. However, poorly managed fish ponds have been sometimes associated with the presence of Anopheles spp. and consequently, with malaria transmission. In this study, we analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics of malaria in the state of Acre (and more closely within a single county) to investigate the potential links between aquaculture and malaria transmission in this region. At the state level, we classified the 22 counties into three malaria endemicity patterns, based on the correlation between notification time series. Furthermore, the study period (2003–2013) was divided into two phases (epidemic and post-epidemic). Higher fish pond construction coincided both spatially and temporally with increased rate of malaria notification. Within one malaria endemic county, we investigated the relationship between the geolocation of malaria cases (2011–2012) and their distance to fish ponds. Entomological surveys carried out in these ponds provided measurements of anopheline abundance that were significantly associated with the abundance of malaria cases within 100 m of the ponds (P < 0.005; r = 0.39). These results taken together suggest that fish farming contributes to the maintenance of high transmission levels of malaria in this region.
publisher	Public Library of Science
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4567347/
_version_	1613475056131768320

Epidemic and Endemic Malaria Transmission Related to Fish Farming Ponds in the Amazon Frontier

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