The complex aerodynamic footprint of desert locusts revealed by large-volume tomographic particle image velocimetry

Particle image velocimetry has been the preferred experimental technique with which to study the aerodynamics of animal flight for over a decade. In that time, hardware has become more accessible and the software has progressed from the acquisition of planes through the flow field to the reconstruct...

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Main Authors:	Henningsson, Per, Michaelis, Dirk, Nakata, Toshiyuki, Schanz, Daniel, Geisler, Reinhard, Schröder, Andreas, Bomphrey, Richard J.
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	The Royal Society 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4528577/

id	pubmed-4528577
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-45285772015-08-12 The complex aerodynamic footprint of desert locusts revealed by large-volume tomographic particle image velocimetry Henningsson, Per Michaelis, Dirk Nakata, Toshiyuki Schanz, Daniel Geisler, Reinhard Schröder, Andreas Bomphrey, Richard J. Research Articles Particle image velocimetry has been the preferred experimental technique with which to study the aerodynamics of animal flight for over a decade. In that time, hardware has become more accessible and the software has progressed from the acquisition of planes through the flow field to the reconstruction of small volumetric measurements. Until now, it has not been possible to capture large volumes that incorporate the full wavelength of the aerodynamic track left behind during a complete wingbeat cycle. Here, we use a unique apparatus to acquire the first instantaneous wake volume of a flying animal's entire wingbeat. We confirm the presence of wake deformation behind desert locusts and quantify the effect of that deformation on estimates of aerodynamic force and the efficiency of lift generation. We present previously undescribed vortex wake phenomena, including entrainment around the wing-tip vortices of a set of secondary vortices borne of Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in the shear layer behind the flapping wings. The Royal Society 2015-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4528577/ /pubmed/26040598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2015.0119 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © 2015 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Henningsson, Per Michaelis, Dirk Nakata, Toshiyuki Schanz, Daniel Geisler, Reinhard Schröder, Andreas Bomphrey, Richard J.
spellingShingle	Henningsson, Per Michaelis, Dirk Nakata, Toshiyuki Schanz, Daniel Geisler, Reinhard Schröder, Andreas Bomphrey, Richard J. The complex aerodynamic footprint of desert locusts revealed by large-volume tomographic particle image velocimetry
author_facet	Henningsson, Per Michaelis, Dirk Nakata, Toshiyuki Schanz, Daniel Geisler, Reinhard Schröder, Andreas Bomphrey, Richard J.
author_sort	Henningsson, Per
title	The complex aerodynamic footprint of desert locusts revealed by large-volume tomographic particle image velocimetry
title_short	The complex aerodynamic footprint of desert locusts revealed by large-volume tomographic particle image velocimetry
title_full	The complex aerodynamic footprint of desert locusts revealed by large-volume tomographic particle image velocimetry
title_fullStr	The complex aerodynamic footprint of desert locusts revealed by large-volume tomographic particle image velocimetry
title_full_unstemmed	The complex aerodynamic footprint of desert locusts revealed by large-volume tomographic particle image velocimetry
title_sort	complex aerodynamic footprint of desert locusts revealed by large-volume tomographic particle image velocimetry
description	Particle image velocimetry has been the preferred experimental technique with which to study the aerodynamics of animal flight for over a decade. In that time, hardware has become more accessible and the software has progressed from the acquisition of planes through the flow field to the reconstruction of small volumetric measurements. Until now, it has not been possible to capture large volumes that incorporate the full wavelength of the aerodynamic track left behind during a complete wingbeat cycle. Here, we use a unique apparatus to acquire the first instantaneous wake volume of a flying animal's entire wingbeat. We confirm the presence of wake deformation behind desert locusts and quantify the effect of that deformation on estimates of aerodynamic force and the efficiency of lift generation. We present previously undescribed vortex wake phenomena, including entrainment around the wing-tip vortices of a set of secondary vortices borne of Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in the shear layer behind the flapping wings.
publisher	The Royal Society
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4528577/
_version_	1613256904858927104

The complex aerodynamic footprint of desert locusts revealed by large-volume tomographic particle image velocimetry

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