Distinct Characteristics of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Phenylacetic Acid, Two Common Auxins in Plants

The phytohormone auxin plays a central role in many aspects of plant growth and development. IAA is the most studied natural auxin that possesses the property of polar transport in plants. Phenylacetic acid (PAA) has also been recognized as a natural auxin for >40 years, but its role in plant gro...

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Main Authors:	Sugawara, Satoko, Mashiguchi, Kiyoshi, Tanaka, Keita, Hishiyama, Shojiro, Sakai, Tatsuya, Hanada, Kousuke, Kinoshita-Tsujimura, Kaori, Yu, Hong, Dai, Xinhua, Takebayashi, Yumiko, Takeda-Kamiya, Noriko, Kakimoto, Tatsuo, Kawaide, Hiroshi, Natsume, Masahiro, Estelle, Mark, Zhao, Yunde, Hayashi, Ken-ichiro, Kamiya, Yuji, Kasahara, Hiroyuki
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford University Press 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4523386/

id	pubmed-4523386
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-45233862015-08-05 Distinct Characteristics of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Phenylacetic Acid, Two Common Auxins in Plants Sugawara, Satoko Mashiguchi, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Keita Hishiyama, Shojiro Sakai, Tatsuya Hanada, Kousuke Kinoshita-Tsujimura, Kaori Yu, Hong Dai, Xinhua Takebayashi, Yumiko Takeda-Kamiya, Noriko Kakimoto, Tatsuo Kawaide, Hiroshi Natsume, Masahiro Estelle, Mark Zhao, Yunde Hayashi, Ken-ichiro Kamiya, Yuji Kasahara, Hiroyuki Regular Papers The phytohormone auxin plays a central role in many aspects of plant growth and development. IAA is the most studied natural auxin that possesses the property of polar transport in plants. Phenylacetic acid (PAA) has also been recognized as a natural auxin for >40 years, but its role in plant growth and development remains unclear. In this study, we show that IAA and PAA have overlapping regulatory roles but distinct transport characteristics as auxins in plants. PAA is widely distributed in vascular and non-vascular plants. Although the biological activities of PAA are lower than those of IAA, the endogenous levels of PAA are much higher than those of IAA in various plant tissues in Arabidopsis. PAA and IAA can regulate the same set of auxin-responsive genes through the TIR1/AFB pathway in Arabidopsis. IAA actively forms concentration gradients in maize coleoptiles in response to gravitropic stimulation, whereas PAA does not, indicating that PAA is not actively transported in a polar manner. The induction of the YUCCA (YUC) genes increases PAA metabolite levels in Arabidopsis, indicating that YUC flavin-containing monooxygenases may play a role in PAA biosynthesis. Our results provide new insights into the regulation of plant growth and development by different types of auxins. Oxford University Press 2015-08 2015-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4523386/ /pubmed/26076971 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcv088 Text en © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Sugawara, Satoko Mashiguchi, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Keita Hishiyama, Shojiro Sakai, Tatsuya Hanada, Kousuke Kinoshita-Tsujimura, Kaori Yu, Hong Dai, Xinhua Takebayashi, Yumiko Takeda-Kamiya, Noriko Kakimoto, Tatsuo Kawaide, Hiroshi Natsume, Masahiro Estelle, Mark Zhao, Yunde Hayashi, Ken-ichiro Kamiya, Yuji Kasahara, Hiroyuki
spellingShingle	Sugawara, Satoko Mashiguchi, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Keita Hishiyama, Shojiro Sakai, Tatsuya Hanada, Kousuke Kinoshita-Tsujimura, Kaori Yu, Hong Dai, Xinhua Takebayashi, Yumiko Takeda-Kamiya, Noriko Kakimoto, Tatsuo Kawaide, Hiroshi Natsume, Masahiro Estelle, Mark Zhao, Yunde Hayashi, Ken-ichiro Kamiya, Yuji Kasahara, Hiroyuki Distinct Characteristics of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Phenylacetic Acid, Two Common Auxins in Plants
author_facet	Sugawara, Satoko Mashiguchi, Kiyoshi Tanaka, Keita Hishiyama, Shojiro Sakai, Tatsuya Hanada, Kousuke Kinoshita-Tsujimura, Kaori Yu, Hong Dai, Xinhua Takebayashi, Yumiko Takeda-Kamiya, Noriko Kakimoto, Tatsuo Kawaide, Hiroshi Natsume, Masahiro Estelle, Mark Zhao, Yunde Hayashi, Ken-ichiro Kamiya, Yuji Kasahara, Hiroyuki
author_sort	Sugawara, Satoko
title	Distinct Characteristics of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Phenylacetic Acid, Two Common Auxins in Plants
title_short	Distinct Characteristics of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Phenylacetic Acid, Two Common Auxins in Plants
title_full	Distinct Characteristics of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Phenylacetic Acid, Two Common Auxins in Plants
title_fullStr	Distinct Characteristics of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Phenylacetic Acid, Two Common Auxins in Plants
title_full_unstemmed	Distinct Characteristics of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Phenylacetic Acid, Two Common Auxins in Plants
title_sort	distinct characteristics of indole-3-acetic acid and phenylacetic acid, two common auxins in plants
description	The phytohormone auxin plays a central role in many aspects of plant growth and development. IAA is the most studied natural auxin that possesses the property of polar transport in plants. Phenylacetic acid (PAA) has also been recognized as a natural auxin for >40 years, but its role in plant growth and development remains unclear. In this study, we show that IAA and PAA have overlapping regulatory roles but distinct transport characteristics as auxins in plants. PAA is widely distributed in vascular and non-vascular plants. Although the biological activities of PAA are lower than those of IAA, the endogenous levels of PAA are much higher than those of IAA in various plant tissues in Arabidopsis. PAA and IAA can regulate the same set of auxin-responsive genes through the TIR1/AFB pathway in Arabidopsis. IAA actively forms concentration gradients in maize coleoptiles in response to gravitropic stimulation, whereas PAA does not, indicating that PAA is not actively transported in a polar manner. The induction of the YUCCA (YUC) genes increases PAA metabolite levels in Arabidopsis, indicating that YUC flavin-containing monooxygenases may play a role in PAA biosynthesis. Our results provide new insights into the regulation of plant growth and development by different types of auxins.
publisher	Oxford University Press
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4523386/
_version_	1613255299541499904

Distinct Characteristics of Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Phenylacetic Acid, Two Common Auxins in Plants

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