NPK macronutrients and microRNA homeostasis

Macronutrients are essential elements for plant growth and development. In natural, non-cultivated systems, the availability of macronutrients is not a limiting factor of growth, due to fast recycling mechanisms. However, their availability might be an issue in modern agricultural practices, since s...

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Main Authors:	Kulcheski, Franceli R., Côrrea, Régis, Gomes, Igor A., de Lima, Júlio C., Margis, Rogerio
Format:	Online
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2015
Online Access:	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4468412/

id	pubmed-4468412
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	pubmed-44684122015-07-01 NPK macronutrients and microRNA homeostasis Kulcheski, Franceli R. Côrrea, Régis Gomes, Igor A. de Lima, Júlio C. Margis, Rogerio Plant Science Macronutrients are essential elements for plant growth and development. In natural, non-cultivated systems, the availability of macronutrients is not a limiting factor of growth, due to fast recycling mechanisms. However, their availability might be an issue in modern agricultural practices, since soil has been frequently over exploited. From a crop management perspective, the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are three important limiting factors and therefore frequently added as fertilizers. NPK are among the nutrients that have been reported to alter post-embryonic root developmental processes and consequently, impairs crop yield. To cope with nutrients scarcity, plants have evolved several mechanisms involved in metabolic, physiological, and developmental adaptations. In this scenario, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as additional key regulators of nutrients uptake and assimilation. Some studies have demonstrated the intrinsic relation between miRNAs and their targets, and how they can modulate plants to deal with the NPK availability. In this review, we focus on miRNAs and their regulation of targets involved in NPK metabolism. In general, NPK starvation is related with miRNAs that are involved in root-architectural changes and uptake activity modulation. We further show that several miRNAs were discovered to be involved in plant–microbe symbiosis during N and P uptake, and in this way we present a global view of some studies that were conducted in the last years. The integration of current knowledge about miRNA-NPK signaling may help future studies to focus in good candidates genes for the development of important tools for plant nutritional breeding. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC4468412/ /pubmed/26136763 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00451 Text en Copyright © 2015 Kulcheski, Côrrea, Gomes, de Lima and Margis. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
repository_type	Open Access Journal
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	US National Center for Biotechnology Information
building	NCBI PubMed
collection	Online Access
language	English
format	Online
author	Kulcheski, Franceli R. Côrrea, Régis Gomes, Igor A. de Lima, Júlio C. Margis, Rogerio
spellingShingle	Kulcheski, Franceli R. Côrrea, Régis Gomes, Igor A. de Lima, Júlio C. Margis, Rogerio NPK macronutrients and microRNA homeostasis
author_facet	Kulcheski, Franceli R. Côrrea, Régis Gomes, Igor A. de Lima, Júlio C. Margis, Rogerio
author_sort	Kulcheski, Franceli R.
title	NPK macronutrients and microRNA homeostasis
title_short	NPK macronutrients and microRNA homeostasis
title_full	NPK macronutrients and microRNA homeostasis
title_fullStr	NPK macronutrients and microRNA homeostasis
title_full_unstemmed	NPK macronutrients and microRNA homeostasis
title_sort	npk macronutrients and microrna homeostasis
description	Macronutrients are essential elements for plant growth and development. In natural, non-cultivated systems, the availability of macronutrients is not a limiting factor of growth, due to fast recycling mechanisms. However, their availability might be an issue in modern agricultural practices, since soil has been frequently over exploited. From a crop management perspective, the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are three important limiting factors and therefore frequently added as fertilizers. NPK are among the nutrients that have been reported to alter post-embryonic root developmental processes and consequently, impairs crop yield. To cope with nutrients scarcity, plants have evolved several mechanisms involved in metabolic, physiological, and developmental adaptations. In this scenario, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as additional key regulators of nutrients uptake and assimilation. Some studies have demonstrated the intrinsic relation between miRNAs and their targets, and how they can modulate plants to deal with the NPK availability. In this review, we focus on miRNAs and their regulation of targets involved in NPK metabolism. In general, NPK starvation is related with miRNAs that are involved in root-architectural changes and uptake activity modulation. We further show that several miRNAs were discovered to be involved in plant–microbe symbiosis during N and P uptake, and in this way we present a global view of some studies that were conducted in the last years. The integration of current knowledge about miRNA-NPK signaling may help future studies to focus in good candidates genes for the development of important tools for plant nutritional breeding.
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2015
url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4468412/
_version_	1613236066435727360

NPK macronutrients and microRNA homeostasis

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